我的同事和我一直在try 让我的macbook通过ssh连接到AWS生产服务器，但运气不佳，几个月前确实有效，但当我们昨天go 做时，我们不断收到以下错误消息.

(我已在下面所有部分中用占位符替换了我的用户名和主机名)

$ ssh titan-data
Load key "/Users/aronlilland/.ssh/id_rsa.pub": invalid format
user@my_ip_address: Permission denied (publickey).

相关配置文件数据

<!-- config file -->
Host titan-data
    HostName my_ip_address
    User user
    IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
    AddKeysToAgent yes

为了让它再次工作，我已经完成了可以想象的每一步，以下是我所做的步骤:

步骤1)确保.已在服务器上添加发布文件

这一步重复了好几次，我恢复了我的记忆.在整个消除过程中，pub文件会重复4次.错误似乎是本地的，而不是服务器上的，如果我错了，需要有人纠正我.

步骤2)判断以下文件夹和文件是否具有正确的权限

drwx------    6 aronlilland  staff   192B Jan 18 09:41 .ssh/

drwx------    6 aronlilland  staff   192B Jan 18 09:41 ./
drwxr-xr-x+ 104 aronlilland  staff   3.3K Jan 16 16:09 ../
-rw-r--r--    1 aronlilland  staff   114B Jan 18 09:37 config
-rw-------    1 aronlilland  staff   1.7K Jan 18 09:41 id_rsa
-r--------@   1 aronlilland  staff   414B Jan 18 09:41 id_rsa.pub
-rw-r--r--    1 aronlilland  staff   4.6K Jan 18 09:48 known_hosts

这对修复错误消息没有任何影响.

3)删除了我的id_rsa文件和id_rsa.发布文件并重新生成一个新文件，让我的同事添加新文件.将文件发布到服务器

1. 第一种生成密钥的方法
2. 第二种方式，我产生了我的.pub文件删除旧文件后，将按照joyent manually generating your ssh key on OSX documentation中的建议运行ssh-keygen -t rsa

4)使用brew 软件升级ssh

这是按照here, by Tim Hilliard所列的文档完成的

5)从我的"已知主机"文件中删除ip地址(伸手go 抓稻草)

什么也没做，只是需要再次确认IP地址.

编辑1)

我最近做了一件事，我记得在安装过程中看到了错误消息，那就是前几天晚上我安装了另一个版本的python，所以我的计算机上安装了两个版本的python.我不确定这是否会导致ssh出现任何问题.

$ python -V
Python 2.7.10
$ python3 -V
Python 3.6.4
$ brew doctor
Please note that these warnings are just used to help the Homebrew maintainers
with debugging if you file an issue. If everything you use Homebrew for is
working fine: please don't worry or file an issue; just ignore this. 
Thanks!

Warning: Python is installed at /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework

Homebrew only supports building against the System-provided Python or a
brewed Python. In particular, Pythons installed to /Library can interfere
with other software installs.

编辑2)

在ssh命令中添加了-v，这是Alfabravo在 comments 中建议的

aronlilland:.ssh$ ssh titan-data -v
OpenSSH_7.6p1, OpenSSL 1.0.2n  7 Dec 2017
debug1: Reading configuration data /Users/aronlilland/.ssh/config
debug1: /Users/aronlilland/.ssh/config line 1: Applying options for titan-data
debug1: Reading configuration data /usr/local/etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: Connecting to my_ip_address [my_ip_address] port 22.
debug1: Connection established.
debug1: identity file /Users/aronlilland/.ssh/id_rsa.pub type 0
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /Users/aronlilland/.ssh/id_rsa.pub-cert type -1
debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_7.6
debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_7.2p2 Ubuntu-4ubuntu2.2
debug1: match: OpenSSH_7.2p2 Ubuntu-4ubuntu2.2 pat OpenSSH* compat 0x04000000
debug1: Authenticating to my_ip_address:22 as 'user'
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received
debug1: kex: algorithm: curve25519-sha256@libssh.org
debug1: kex: host key algorithm: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256
debug1: kex: server->client cipher: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com MAC: <implicit> compression: none
debug1: kex: client->server cipher: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com MAC: <implicit> compression: none
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY
debug1: Server host key: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 SHA256:2l8QDc7x/fyzshKaU32jj9MeFtMAccu25MZBFNQuStQ
debug1: Host 'my_ip_address' is known and matches the ECDSA host key.
debug1: Found key in /Users/aronlilland/.ssh/known_hosts:19
debug1: rekey after 134217728 blocks
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received
debug1: rekey after 134217728 blocks
debug1: SSH2_MSG_EXT_INFO received
debug1: kex_input_ext_info: server-sig-algs=<rsa-sha2-256,rsa-sha2-512>
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey
debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
debug1: Offering public key: RSA SHA256:MuOjm+6gAzaxGr/n/If4LVjk/0H5/VT6zvib9/9C7c8 /Users/aronlilland/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
debug1: Server accepts key: pkalg rsa-sha2-512 blen 279
Load key "/Users/aronlilland/.ssh/id_rsa.pub": invalid format
debug1: No more authentication methods to try.
user@my_ip_address: Permission denied (publickey).
aronlilland:.ssh$ 

编辑3)

判断了一下.pub文件是一种有效的格式

aronlilland:.ssh$ ssh-keygen -l -f id_rsa.pub
2048 SHA256:MuOjm+6gAzaxGr/n/If4LVjk/0H5/VT6zvib9/9C7c8 aronlilland@arons-mbp.cacc.local (RSA)
aronlilland:.ssh$ touch foo.txt
aronlilland:.ssh$ ls
config       foo.txt      id_rsa       id_rsa.pub   known_hosts
aronlilland:.ssh$ ssh-keygen -l -f foo.txt
foo.txt is not a public key file.

编辑4)

确认我的id_rsa密钥和id_rsa.pub-validate(我切掉了ssh-rsa密钥的末尾，没有理由将其包含在web上)

aronlilland:.ssh$ ssh-keygen -y -f id_rsa
Enter passphrase: 
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQA .......

正在确认更新文件权限不会改变访问权限(我try 了0444440644644以确保)

aronlilland:.ssh$ chmod 0444 id_rsa.pub
aronlilland:.ssh$ ssh titan-data
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
@         WARNING: UNPROTECTED PRIVATE KEY FILE!          @
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
Permissions 0444 for '/Users/aronlilland/.ssh/id_rsa.pub' are too open.
It is required that your private key files are NOT accessible by others.
This private key will be ignored.
Load key "/Users/aronlilland/.ssh/id_rsa.pub": bad permissions
user@my_ip_address: Permission denied (publickey).

另一个呢

aronlilland:.ssh$ chmod 0644 id_rsa.pub
aronlilland:.ssh$ ssh titan-data
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
@         WARNING: UNPROTECTED PRIVATE KEY FILE!          @
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
Permissions 0644 for '/Users/aronlilland/.ssh/id_rsa.pub' are too open.
It is required that your private key files are NOT accessible by others.
This private key will be ignored.
Load key "/Users/aronlilland/.ssh/id_rsa.pub": bad permissions
user@my_ip_address: Permission denied (publickey).

将其设置回chmod 400 id_rsa.pub

编辑5)

跑-vv

aronlilland:.ssh$ chmod 400 id_rsa.pub
aronlilland:.ssh$ ssh titan-data -vv
OpenSSH_7.6p1, OpenSSL 1.0.2n  7 Dec 2017
debug1: Reading configuration data /Users/aronlilland/.ssh/config
debug1: /Users/aronlilland/.ssh/config line 1: Applying options for titan-data
debug1: Reading configuration data /usr/local/etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug2: resolving "my_ip_address" port 22
debug2: ssh_connect_direct: needpriv 0
debug1: Connecting to my_ip_address [my_ip_address] port 22.
debug1: Connection established.
debug1: identity file /Users/aronlilland/.ssh/id_rsa.pub type 0
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /Users/aronlilland/.ssh/id_rsa.pub-cert type -1
debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_7.6
debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_7.2p2 Ubuntu-4ubuntu2.2
debug1: match: OpenSSH_7.2p2 Ubuntu-4ubuntu2.2 pat OpenSSH* compat 0x04000000
debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK
debug1: Authenticating to my_ip_address:22 as 'user'
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received
debug2: local client KEXINIT proposal
debug2: KEX algorithms: curve25519-sha256,curve25519-sha256@libssh.org,ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group16-sha512,diffie-hellman-group18-sha512,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha256,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,ext-info-c
debug2: host key algorithms: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,ssh-ed25519-cert-v01@openssh.com,ssh-rsa-cert-v01@openssh.com,ssh-ed25519,rsa-sha2-512,rsa-sha2-256,ssh-rsa
debug2: ciphers ctos: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com
debug2: ciphers stoc: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com
debug2: MACs ctos: umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: MACs stoc: umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: compression ctos: none,zlib@openssh.com,zlib
debug2: compression stoc: none,zlib@openssh.com,zlib
debug2: languages ctos: 
debug2: languages stoc: 
debug2: first_kex_follows 0 
debug2: reserved 0 
debug2: peer server KEXINIT proposal
debug2: KEX algorithms: curve25519-sha256@libssh.org,ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1
debug2: host key algorithms: ssh-rsa,rsa-sha2-512,rsa-sha2-256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ssh-ed25519
debug2: ciphers ctos: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com
debug2: ciphers stoc: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com
debug2: MACs ctos: umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: MACs stoc: umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: compression ctos: none,zlib@openssh.com
debug2: compression stoc: none,zlib@openssh.com
debug2: languages ctos: 
debug2: languages stoc: 
debug2: first_kex_follows 0 
debug2: reserved 0 
debug1: kex: algorithm: curve25519-sha256@libssh.org
debug1: kex: host key algorithm: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256
debug1: kex: server->client cipher: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com MAC: <implicit> compression: none
debug1: kex: client->server cipher: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com MAC: <implicit> compression: none
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY
debug1: Server host key: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 SHA256:2l8QDc7x/fyzshKaU32jj9MeFtMAccu25MZBFNQuStQ
debug1: Host 'my_ip_address' is known and matches the ECDSA host key.
debug1: Found key in /Users/aronlilland/.ssh/known_hosts:19
debug2: set_newkeys: mode 1
debug1: rekey after 134217728 blocks
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received
debug2: set_newkeys: mode 0
debug1: rekey after 134217728 blocks
debug2: key: /Users/aronlilland/.ssh/id_rsa.pub (0x7fe9ff41c510), explicit
debug1: SSH2_MSG_EXT_INFO received
debug1: kex_input_ext_info: server-sig-algs=<rsa-sha2-256,rsa-sha2-512>
debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey
debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
debug1: Offering public key: RSA SHA256:MuOjm+6gAzaxGr/n/If4LVjk/0H5/VT6zvib9/9C7c8 /Users/aronlilland/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply
debug1: Server accepts key: pkalg rsa-sha2-512 blen 279
debug2: input_userauth_pk_ok: fp SHA256:MuOjm+6gAzaxGr/n/If4LVjk/0H5/VT6zvib9/9C7c8
Load key "/Users/aronlilland/.ssh/id_rsa.pub": invalid format
debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method
debug1: No more authentication methods to try.
user@my_ip_address: Permission denied (publickey).