如何使用 Laravel 测试授权重定向

我已经手动测试了我想要的场景:

管理员用户可以访问网站的/codes部分.

手动测试通过，但LALAVEL测试失败.

我用的是laravel 5.1

Test for the admin user:

public function testAdminViewCodes()
    {
        //create an admin user
        $user = factory(App\User::class, 'admin')->create();

        $this->actingAs($user)
            ->visit('/codes')
            ->seePageIs('/codes')
            ->see('Codes');
    }

Test for normal user:个

    public function testNormalViewCodesFail()
    {
        //create a normal user
        $normal_user = factory(App\User::class)->create();

        //TODO: Fix this failing test FFS

        $this->actingAs($normal_user)
             ->visit('/qr')
             ->seePageIs('/dashboard')
             ->see('Sorry you are not allowed there');
}

test results;

There was 1 failure:

1) AdminTest::testNormalViewQRCodesFail
Did not land on expected page [http://localhost/dashboard].

Failed asserting that two strings are equal.
--- Expected
+++ Actual
@@ @@
-'http://localhost/dashboard'
+'http://localhost/codes'

I think there may be an issue with the factories, seems to be always creating an admin user:

$factory->define(App\User::class, function (Faker\Generator $faker) {
    return [
        'email' => $faker->email,
        'password' => bcrypt(str_random(10)),
        'remember_token' => str_random(10),
        'is_admin' => false,
    ];
});

$factory->defineAs(App\User::class, 'admin', function ($faker) use ($factory) {
    $user = $factory->raw(App\User::class);

    return array_merge($user, ['is_admin' => true]);
});

很抱歉这个问题有多长，但还有另一个紧迫的问题.我使用middleware来测试用户是否为admin:

<?php

namespace RMS\Http\Middleware;

use Closure;

class IsAdminMiddleware
{
    /**
     * Handle an incoming request.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @param  \Closure  $next
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function handle($request, Closure $next)
    {
        if (app()->env === 'testing') {
            return $next($request);
        }

        if (! $request->user()->isAdmin()) {
          return redirect()->route('dashboard')
              ->with('message', 'Sorry you are not allowed there');
        }

        return $next($request);
    }
}

Kernel.php年:

protected $routeMiddleware = [
        'auth' => \RMS\Http\Middleware\Authenticate::class,
        'auth.basic' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\AuthenticateWithBasicAuth::class,
        'guest' => \RMS\Http\Middleware\RedirectIfAuthenticated::class,
        'isadmin' => \RMS\Http\Middleware\IsAdminMiddleware::class,
    ];

并应用于路由:

Route::group(['middleware' => ['auth', 'isadmin']], function()
{
    Route::resource('user', 'UserController');
});

中间件被忽略了吗？我肯定不会添加use WithoutMiddleware;条语句.