Python 自定义 __init__ 函数如何在带有继承的 pydantic 中工作

我正try 在带有定制__init_函数的PYDANIC中使用继承.我有父类(FISH)和子类(SHARK)，它们在初始化时都需要比设置字段(在MWE中由一个额外的print语句表示)更多的初始化.所以我需要重写他们的初始信息.

我试过:

class fish(BaseModel):
    name: str
    def __init__(self, name):
        super().__init__(name=name)
        print("Fish initialization successful!")
        

class shark(fish):
    color: str
    def __init__(self, name, color):
        super().__init__(name=name)
        self.color=color
        print("Shark initialization successful!")
        
f = fish(name="nemo")
print(f)
s = shark(name="bruce", color="grey")

但这引发了一个验证错误:

Fish initialization successful!
name='nemo'
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ValidationError                           Traceback (most recent call last)
Cell In[149], line 17
     15 f = fish(name="nemo")
     16 print(f)
---> 17 s = shark(name="bruce", color="grey")

Cell In[149], line 11, in shark.__init__(self, name, color)
     10 def __init__(self, name, color):
---> 11     super().__init__(name=name)
     12     self.color=color
     13     print("Shark initialization successful!")

Cell In[149], line 4, in fish.__init__(self, name)
      3 def __init__(self, name):
----> 4     super().__init__(name=name)
      5     print("Fish initialization successful!")

File ~/Desktop/treeline_wt/1588-yieldmodeling-integration/device-predictions/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pydantic/main.py:341, in pydantic.main.BaseModel.__init__()

ValidationError: 1 validation error for shark
color
  field required (type=value_error.missing)

我从一位有效的同事那里得到的解决方案是:

class fish(BaseModel):
    name: str
    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
        print("Fish initialization successful!")
        

class shark(fish):
    color: str
    
    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
        print("Shark initialization successful!")
        

# f = fish(name="nemo")
# print(f)
s = shark(name="bruce", color="grey")

在判断时，其仅在鱼super().__init__接收到color关键字时才起作用，即，将其改变为super().__init__(name=kwargs['name'])会抛出相同的验证错误.这让我感到困惑，我不明白为什么鱼类需要知道它的子类的任何属性.我该如何理解这一点？