Python 将 XML 子元素解析为字符串

发布于04月23日

我正在try 解析一个复杂的XML，而xpath的行为不像我想象的那样.

<project>
    <samples>
        <sample>show my balance</sample>
        <sample>show me the <subsample value='USD'>money</subsample>today</sample>
    </samples>
</project>

以下是我的python代码:

from lxml import etree

somenode="<project><samples><sample>show my balance</sample><sample>show me the <subsample value='USD'>money</subsample>today</sample></samples></project>"

somenode_etree = etree.fromstring(somenode)

for x in somenode_etree.iterfind(".//sample"):
    print (etree.tostring(x))

我得到了输出:

b'<sample>show my balance</sample><sample>show me the <subsample value="USD">money</subsample>today</sample></samples></project>'
b'<sample>show me the <subsample value="USD">money</subsample>today</sample></samples></project>'

当我预料到:

show my balance
show me the <subsample value="USD">money</subsample>today

我做错了什么？

推荐答案

此XPath将按预期获取文本和元素

result = somenode_etree.xpath(".//sample/text() | .//sample/*")
result
['show my balance', 'show me the ', <Element subsample at 0x7f0516cfa288>, 'today']

按OP请求打印找到的 node

for x in somenode_etree.xpath(".//sample/text() | .//sample/*[node()]"):
    if type(x) == etree._Element:
        print(etree.tostring(x, method='xml').decode('UTF-8'))
    else:
        print(x)

后果

show my balance
show me the 
<subsample value="USD">money</subsample>today
today

最后一个text() node 被附加到上一个元素what seems to be a bug on etree.tostring() method！

或

>>> for x in somenode_etree.xpath(".//sample/text() | .//sample/*"):
...     if type(x) == etree._Element:
...         print(x.text)
...     else:
...         print(x)
... 
show my balance
show me the 
money
today