C++ 为什么sscanf不能正确地从这个字符串格式中提取所有数字

我正在解析GNSS数据，我使用的模块QuecTel BG96具有UART串口.当试图提取与消息相关联的数据时，除了时间之外，大部分数据都可以使用sscanf来提取.

下面是一个示例消息，与下面代码中使用的相同:

"\r\n+QGPSLOC: 010842.0,32.04415,5.31028,1.7,55.0,2,150.36,0.0,0.0,
060224,03\r\n\r\nOK\r\n"

为了完整起见，以下是对这些字段的解释，如手册所示:

+QGPSLOC:<UTC>,<latitude>,<longitude>,<hdop>,<altitude>,<fix>,<cog>,<spkm>,<spkn>,<date>,<nsat> OK

• UTC是UTC时间. 格式:hhmmss.sss(引自GPGGA句子).

问题是，第一组数字表示时间为hhmmss.sss，提取时始终为0.

Expected output:个

 240206-010842.000,       32.04415,         5.31028,      1.7,       55.0, 0002,       150.6000,         0.0000, 00000003

My code:

#include <inttypes.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

const char* utc_datetime_format =
    "%02u%02u%02u-%02u%02u%02u.%03u";
const char* print_format =
    "%18.18s, %14.5f, %15.5f, %8.1f, %10.1f, %04u, %14.4f, "
    "%14.4f, %08u\n";

typedef struct
{
    uint64_t year : 12;
    uint64_t month : 4;
    uint64_t day : 8;
    uint64_t hour : 8;
    uint64_t minutes : 8;
    uint64_t seconds : 8;
    uint64_t msec : 16;
} DateAndTime_Compressed;

typedef struct
{
    float latitude;
    float longitude;
} GNSS_Coordinates;

typedef struct
{
    GNSS_Coordinates       coordinates;
    float                  horizontal_precision;
    float                  altitude;
    float                  course_over_ground;
    float                  speed_over_ground_mps;  // m/s
    DateAndTime_Compressed utc_time;
    uint8_t                fix_type;
    uint8_t                num_satellites;
} GNSS_Data;

int GNSS_ParseData(char* buf, GNSS_Data* data)
{
    const char* format =
        "%s %2" PRIu16 "%2" PRIu16 "%2" PRIu16 ".%3" PRIu16
        ",%f,%f,%f,%f,%" PRIu8 ",%3" PRIu16 ".%2" PRIu16
        ",%f,%f,%2" PRIu8 "%2" PRIu8 "%2" PRIu8 ",%" PRIu32
        "%s";
    char front_padding[128] = {0}, back_padding[128] = {0};

    uint16_t year, month, day, hour, minute, second,
        millisecond, cog_deg, cog_min;
    float tmp;

    // For some reason cannot extract hhmmss.sss from
    // message directly
    int ret = sscanf(
        buf, format, front_padding, &hour, &minute, &second,
        &millisecond, &(data->coordinates.latitude),
        &(data->coordinates.longitude),
        &data->horizontal_precision, &data->altitude,
        &data->fix_type, &cog_deg, &cog_min,
        &data->speed_over_ground_mps, &tmp, &day, &month,
        &year, &data->num_satellites, back_padding);
    if (ret != 19)
    {
        // Handle Error (but no error occurs here)
        return -1;
    }
    data->utc_time = (DateAndTime_Compressed){
        .year    = year,
        .month   = month,
        .day     = day,
        .hour    = hour,
        .minutes = minute,
        .seconds = second,
        .msec    = millisecond};

    data->speed_over_ground_mps *=
        (1000.0f / 3600.0f);  // kph to mps
    data->course_over_ground =
        (float)cog_deg + (((float)cog_min) / 60.0f) /
                             100.0f;  // ddd.mm to ddd.dd

    return 0;
}

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
    char msg[] =
        "\r\n+QGPSLOC: "
        "010842.0,32.04415,5.31028,1.7,55.0,2,150.36,0.0,0."
        "0,060224,03\r\n\r\nOK\r\n";

    GNSS_Data gnss_data = {0};

    int ret = GNSS_ParseData(
        msg,
        &gnss_data);  // ret = 0 but data.utc_time wrong
                      // (dates are correct, times wrong)
    if (ret != 0)
    {
        printf("Failed to parse data\n");
        exit(-1);
    }
    char utc_date_string[64] = {0};
    snprintf(
        utc_date_string, 32, utc_datetime_format,
        gnss_data.utc_time.year, gnss_data.utc_time.month,
        gnss_data.utc_time.day, gnss_data.utc_time.hour,
        gnss_data.utc_time.minutes,
        gnss_data.utc_time.seconds,
        gnss_data.utc_time.msec);

    printf(
        print_format, utc_date_string,
        gnss_data.coordinates.latitude,
        gnss_data.coordinates.longitude,
        gnss_data.horizontal_precision, gnss_data.altitude,
        gnss_data.fix_type, gnss_data.course_over_ground,
        gnss_data.speed_over_ground_mps,
        gnss_data.num_satellites);

    return 0;
}