category2 = category.clone #=> #<Category id: 1, name: "Favorites">class Klass attr_accessor :str end module Foo def foo; 'foo'; end end s1 = Klass.new #=> #<Klass:0x401b3a38> s1.extend(Foo) #=> #<Klass:0x401b3a38> s1.foo #=> "foo" s2 = s1.clone #=> #<Klass:0x401b3a38> s2.foo #=> "foo" s3 = s1.dup #=> #<Klass:0x401b3a38> s3.foo #=> NoMethodError: undefined method `foo' for #<Klass:0x401b3a38> # While clone is used to duplicate an object, including its internal #state, dup typically uses the class of the descendant object to create #the new instance.