给定任何对象，我都可以调用#public_methods并查看它将响应的所有方法.然而，我发现有时可以方便地快速列出所有未被继承的公共方法，即真正属于此类的内容.
我在"Easy way to list public methods for a Ruby object"中发现，如果我使用:
(Foo.public_methods - Object.public_methods).sort
我可以过滤掉很多基本的Ruby元素.我希望能够过滤整个链条中继承的所有内容.如果我知道父类，我可以使用它进行过滤，但我想提出一个通用命令，它可以为任何对象返回一个未继承的公共方法array.
对于public_methods的inherited参数，只需通过false:
"hello".public_methods.include?(:dup) # => true
"hello".public_methods(false).include?(:dup) # => false
不是你问题的答案，但如果你不知道，irb会自动完成，所以很容易获得公共方法列表(特别是如果你知道你要寻找的方法的开头).点击tab；点击两次将列出所有可能性(包括继承的可能性):
> "nice".d<tab><tab>
"nice".delete "nice".delete! "nice".display "nice".downcase
"nice".downcase! "nice".dump "nice".dup "nice".define_singleton_method
> "nice".<tab><tab>
Display all 162 possibilities? (y or n)
...
使用pry可以更容易地查看可用的方法，并按继承级别进行细分:
[1] pry(main)> cd "nice"
[2] pry("nice"):1> ls
Comparable#methods: < <= > >= between?
String#methods: % * + << <=> == === =~ [] []= ascii_only? bytes bytesize byteslice capitalize capitalize! casecmp center chars chomp chomp! chop chop! chr clear codepoints concat count crypt delete delete! downcase downcase! dump each_byte each_char each_codepoint each_line empty? encode encode! encoding end_with? eql? force_encoding getbyte gsub gsub! hash hex include? index insert inspect intern length lines ljust lstrip lstrip! match next next! oct ord partition prepend replace reverse reverse! rindex rjust rpartition rstrip rstrip! scan setbyte shellescape shellsplit size slice slice! split squeeze squeeze! start_with? strip strip! sub sub! succ succ! sum swapcase swapcase! to_c to_f to_i to_r to_s to_str to_sym tr tr! tr_s tr_s! unpack upcase upcase! upto valid_encoding?
locals: _ _dir_ _ex_ _file_ _in_ _out_ _pry_