Rubyonrails 使用 PostgreSQL 的模式和 Rails 创建多租户应用程序

Update Dec 5, 2011

多亏了布拉德·罗伯逊和他的团队，才有了Apartment gem强.这是非常有用的，可以做很多繁重的工作.

然而，如果你要修补模式，我强烈建议你知道它实际上是如何工作的.让自己熟悉Jerod Santo's walkthrough，这样你就会知道公寓Ruby 或多或少在做什么.

Update Aug 20, 2011 11:23 GMT+8

有人创造了一个blog post，并且很好地完成了整个过程.

Update May 11, 2010 11:26 GMT+8

从昨晚开始，我就能够找到一个方法来创建一个新的模式并加载模式.我喜欢它.不确定我所做的是否正确(到目前为止，似乎工作得很好)，但至少离我更近了一步.如果有更好的办法，请告诉我.

  module SchemaUtils
   def self.add_schema_to_path(schema)
    conn = ActiveRecord::Base.connection
    conn.execute "SET search_path TO #{schema}, #{conn.schema_search_path}"
   end

   def self.reset_search_path
    conn = ActiveRecord::Base.connection
    conn.execute "SET search_path TO #{conn.schema_search_path}"
   end

   def self.create_and_migrate_schema(schema_name)
    conn = ActiveRecord::Base.connection

    schemas = conn.select_values("select * from pg_namespace where nspname != 'information_schema' AND nspname NOT LIKE 'pg%'")

    if schemas.include?(schema_name)
     tables = conn.tables
     Rails.logger.info "#{schema_name} exists already with these tables #{tables.inspect}"
    else
     Rails.logger.info "About to create #{schema_name}"
     conn.execute "create schema #{schema_name}"
    end

    # Save the old search path so we can set it back at the end of this method
    old_search_path = conn.schema_search_path

    # Tried to set the search path like in the methods above (from Guy Naor)
    # [METHOD 1]: conn.execute "SET search_path TO #{schema_name}"
    # But the connection itself seems to remember the old search path.
    # When Rails executes a schema it first asks if the table it will load in already exists and if :force => true. 
    # If both true, it will drop the table and then load it. 
    # The problem is that in the METHOD 1 way of setting things, ActiveRecord::Base.connection.schema_search_path still returns $user,public.
    # That means that when Rails tries to load the schema, and asks if the tables exist, it searches for these tables in the public schema.
    # See line 655 in Rails 2.3.5 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb
    # That's why I kept running into this error of the table existing when it didn't (in the newly created schema).
    # If used this way [METHOD 2], it works. ActiveRecord::Base.connection.schema_search_path returns the string we pass it.
    conn.schema_search_path = schema_name

    # Directly from databases.rake. 
    # In Rails 2.3.5 databases.rake can be found in railties/lib/tasks/databases.rake
    file = "#{Rails.root}/db/schema.rb"
    if File.exists?(file)
     Rails.logger.info "About to load the schema #{file}"
     load(file)
    else
     abort %{#{file} doesn't exist yet. It's possible that you just ran a migration!}
    end

    Rails.logger.info "About to set search path back to #{old_search_path}."
    conn.schema_search_path = old_search_path
   end
  end