R 将工作目录子文件夹中的文件批量重命名为顺序

Here is a function that does what you ask for.
The main problem is to assemble the new names from the old names' path and file extension. This is done with functions

• 包装base中的basename和dirname；
• 包装tools中的file_ext和file_path_sans_ext.

连续的数字是由seq_along产生的.然后paste0、sprintf和file.path把所有的东西放在一起.

如果希望所有数字的位数相同，请将fmt_string字符串的格式部分更改为"%04d.%s".

file_rename_custom <- function(path, pattern, prefix = "Animals") {
  files_vec <- list.files(path = path, pattern = pattern, full.names = TRUE)
  ext <- tools::file_ext(files_vec)
  fname <- files_vec |>
    basename() |> 
    tools::file_path_sans_ext()
  
  fmt_string <- paste0(prefix, "%d.%s")
  new_name <- sprintf(fmt_string, seq_along(fname), ext)
  new_name <- file.path(dirname(files_vec), new_name)
  
  file.rename(files_vec, new_name)
}

working_directory <- getwd()
wd1 <- file.path(working_directory, "animals/photos")
wd2 <- file.path(working_directory, "animals")

dir(wd1)
# [1] "Cat.txt"    "Chiken.txt" "Moose.txt" 
file_rename_custom(wd1, "\\.txt")
# [1] TRUE TRUE TRUE
dir(wd1)
# [1] "Animals1.txt" "Animals2.txt" "Animals3.txt"

dir(wd2)
# [1] "Cat.txt"    "Chiken.txt" "Moose.txt"  "photos"    
file_rename_custom(wd2, "\\.txt")
# [1] TRUE TRUE TRUE
dir(wd2)
# [1] "Animals1.txt" "Animals2.txt" "Animals3.txt" "photos"