R 根据另一个数据框中的两列替换一列中的字符串

你可以试一试

# 1
gsub("(European|African)([^,]+)", "\\1", df1$txt)

# 2
gsub("(?<=European|African)[^,]+", "", df1$txt, perl = TRUE)

# [1] "896 European, 2,455 European"
# [2] "591 European, 687 European"  
# [3] "1,968 African, 3,928 African"

您还可以使用stringr中的str_replace_all()通过将命名向量(c(pattern1 = replacement1))传递给它来执行多个替换.

library(tidyverse)

df1 %>%
  mutate(txt = str_replace_all(txt, deframe(df2)))

#                            txt
# 1 896 European, 2,455 European
# 2   591 European, 687 European
# 3 1,968 African, 3,928 African

Data

df1 <- data.frame(txt = c("896 European ancestry cases, 2,455 European ancestry controls",
                          "591 European individuals, 687 European males",
                          "1,968 African American cases, 3,928 African American controls"))

df2 <- structure(list(
V1 = c("European ancestry cases", "European ancestry controls", "European individuals", "European males", "African American cases", "African American controls"),
V2 = c("European", "European", "European", "European", "African", "African")),
class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, -6L))