如何在python类中属性为真时阻止方法

你可以在这里用__getattribute__，意思是:

In [1]: class MyClass:
   ...:     def __init__(self) -> None:
   ...:         self.acting = False
   ...:         self.att1 = None
   ...:         self.att2 = None
   ...:         self.att3 = None
   ...:
   ...:     def __getattribute__(self, attribute):
   ...:         if attribute.startswith("set_") and not self.acting:
   ...:             raise RuntimeError(f"{self} is not acting")
   ...:         return super().__getattribute__(attribute)
   ...:
   ...:     def set_att1(self, value):
   ...:         self.att1 = value
   ...:
   ...:     def set_att2(self, value):
   ...:         self.att2 = value
   ...:
   ...:     def set_att3(self, value):
   ...:         self.att3 = value
   ...:
   ...:     def switch_acting(self):
   ...:         self.acting = not self.acting
   ...:

In [2]: instance = MyClass()

In [3]: instance.set_att1(10)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
RuntimeError                              Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-3-ead9d2b57142> in <module>
----> 1 instance.set_att1(10)

<ipython-input-1-585c5de84d26> in __getattribute__(self, attribute)
      8     def __getattribute__(self, attribute):
      9         if attribute.startswith("set_") and not self.acting:
---> 10             raise RuntimeError(f"{self} is not acting")
     11         return super().__getattribute__(attribute)
     12

RuntimeError: <__main__.MyClass object at 0x7f9a00520af0> is not acting

In [4]: instance.switch_acting()

In [5]: instance.set_att1(10)

In [6]: instance.att1
Out[6]: 10

但是，正如注释中所指出的，这将在查找属性时判断self.acting标志，而不一定是在调用方法时判断.

我们可以更仔细地处理验证应该在方法is called而不是被访问时发生的事实:

class MyClass:
    def __init__(self) -> None:
        self.acting = False
        self.att1 = None
        self.att2 = None
        self.att3 = None

    def __getattribute__(self, attribute):
        if attribute.startswith("set_"):
            bound_method  = super().__getattribute__(attribute).__get__(self, type(self))
            def _wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
                if not self.acting:
                    raise RuntimeError(f"{self} is not acting")
                return bound_method(*args, **kwargs)
            return _wrapper
        return super().__getattribute__(attribute)

    def set_att1(self, value):
        self.att1 = value

    def set_att2(self, value):
        self.att2 = value

    def set_att3(self, value):
        self.att3 = value

    def switch_acting(self):
        self.acting = not self.acting

演示:

In [29]: instance = MyClass()

In [30]: instance.set_att1(10)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
RuntimeError                              Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-30-ead9d2b57142> in <module>
----> 1 instance.set_att1(10)

<ipython-input-28-53d1a32f1498> in _wrapper(*args, **kwargs)
     11             def _wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
     12                 if not self.acting:
---> 13                     raise RuntimeError(f"{self} is not acting")
     14                 return bound_method(*args, **kwargs)
     15             return _wrapper

RuntimeError: <__main__.MyClass object at 0x7f99e05bf340> is not acting

In [31]: instance.switch_acting()

In [32]: instance.set_att1(10)

In [33]: instance.att1
Out[33]: 10

In [34]: f = instance.set_att2

In [35]: instance.switch_acting()

In [36]: f(20)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
RuntimeError                              Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-36-a5c3c0536773> in <module>
----> 1 f(20)

<ipython-input-28-53d1a32f1498> in _wrapper(*args, **kwargs)
     11             def _wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
     12                 if not self.acting:
---> 13                     raise RuntimeError(f"{self} is not acting")
     14                 return bound_method(*args, **kwargs)
     15             return _wrapper

RuntimeError: <__main__.MyClass object at 0x7f99e05bf340> is not acting

In [37]: instance.switch_acting()

In [38]: f(20)

In [39]: instance.att2
Out[39]: 20

编辑:我想我做的与你想要的相反，但同样的方法应该有效，只需勾选if self.acting而不是if not self.acting