首页 / 技术问答 / Json问答列表 / 问答详情

Json 坚持弄清楚如何使用 api 响应来调用以从不同的链接检索响应

我目前在使用PokeApi时遇到了麻烦.我的代码允许我查看精灵宝可梦的名称和指向另一个精灵宝可梦JSON的URL，但我不太确定如何检索这些数据.这就是我到目前为止所拥有的.这里是API的链接！让PokeList=https://pokeapi.co/api/v2/pokemon?limit=100000&offset=0

import Foundation

// MARK: - Pokemon
struct PokemonList: Codable {
    let count: Int
    let results: [Result]
}

// MARK: - Result
struct Result: Codable, Identifiable {
    let id = UUID()
    let name: String
    let url: String
    enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
        case name, url
    }
}

// MARK: - Pokemon
struct Pokemon: Codable, Identifiable {
    let abilities: [Ability]
    let baseExperience: Int
    let forms: [Species]
    let gameIndices: [GameIndex]
    let height: Int
    let id: Int
    let isDefault: Bool
    let locationAreaEncounters: String
    let moves: [Move]
    let name: String
    let order: Int
    let species: Species
    let sprites: Sprites
    let stats: [Stat]
    let types: [TypeElement]
    let weight: Int
}

// MARK: - Ability
struct Ability:  Codable {
    let ability: Species
    let isHidden: Bool
    let slot: Int
}

// MARK: - Species
struct Species:  Codable  {
    let name: String
    let url: String
}

// MARK: - GameIndex
struct GameIndex:  Codable{
    let gameIndex: Int
    let version: Species
}

// MARK: - Move
struct Move: Codable  {
    let move: Species
}

// MARK: - Sprites
struct Sprites: Codable {
    let backDefault: String
    let backFemale: String
    let backShiny: String
    let backShinyFemale: String
    let frontDefault: String
    let frontFemale: String
    let frontShiny: String
    let frontShinyFemale: String
}


// MARK: - Home
struct Home: Codable {
    let frontDefault: String
    let frontFemale: String
    let frontShiny: String
    let frontShinyFemale: String
}

// MARK: - Other
struct Other: Codable {
    let home: Home
    let officialArtwork: OfficialArtwork
}

// MARK: - OfficialArtwork
struct OfficialArtwork: Codable {
    let frontDefault: String
}

// MARK: - Stat
struct Stat: Codable {
    let baseStat: Int
    let effort: Int
    let stat: Species
}

// MARK: - TypeElement
struct TypeElement: Codable {
    let slot: Int
    let type: Species
}

Code for Webservice to retrieve API Call个 导入基础

    class PokeWebService: ObservableObject{
        
        @Published var pokeList: PokemonList?
        @Published var pokemonIndvl: Pokemon?
            
        
        func getPokemonList() async throws {
            let (data, _) = try await URLSession.shared.data(from: Constants.url.pokeList)
                Task{@MainActor in
                    self.pokeList = try JSONDecoder().decode(PokemonList.self, from: data)
                }
        }
        
        func getPokemonFromPokemonList(invlURL: String) async throws{
            var plURL: URL = URL(string: invlURL)!
            let (data, _) = try await URLSession.shared.data(from: plURL)
                Task{@MainActor in
                    self.pokemonIndvl = try JSONDecoder().decode(Pokemon.self, from: data)
                    
                }
        }
        
    }

我的内容视图

import SwiftUI

struct PokeListView: View {
    @EnvironmentObject var pokeWebService: PokeWebService
    var body: some View {
        List(pokeWebService.pokeList?.results ?? []){ pokemon in  // <-- here
            Text(pokemon.name)
            Text(pokemon.url)
            
        }
        .task {
            do{
                try await pokeWebService.getPokemonList()
                
            } catch{
                print("---> task error: \(error)")
            }
        }
    }
}

struct PokeListView_Previews: PreviewProvider {
    static var previews: some View {
        PokeListView()
            .environmentObject(PokeWebService())
    }
}

由于我对在SWIFT中使用API还相当陌生，我将如何从Pokemon.url检索数据？

谢谢!

推荐答案

try 类似的方法(注意不同的模型 struct ).您需要从服务器文档中查找哪些字段是可选的，并调整各种 struct :

import Foundation
import SwiftUI


struct ContentView: View {
    @StateObject var pokeWebService = PokeWebService()
    
    var body: some View {
        PokeListView().environmentObject(pokeWebService)
    }
}

struct PokeListView: View {
    @EnvironmentObject var pokeWebService: PokeWebService
    
    var body: some View {
        NavigationStack {
            List(pokeWebService.pokeList?.results ?? []){ pokemon in
                NavigationLink(pokemon.name, value: pokemon.url)
            }
            .navigationDestination(for: String.self) { urlString in
                PokeDetailsView(urlString: urlString)
            }
        }
        .environmentObject(pokeWebService)
        .task {
            do {
                try await pokeWebService.getPokemonList()
            } catch{
                print("---> PokeListView error: \(error)")
            }
        }
    }
}

struct PokeDetailsView: View {
    @EnvironmentObject var pokeWebService: PokeWebService
    @State var urlString: String
    
    var body: some View {
        VStack {
            Text(pokeWebService.pokemonIndvl?.name ?? "no name")
            Text("height: \(pokeWebService.pokemonIndvl?.height ?? 0)")
            // ... other info
        }
        .task {
            do {
                try await pokeWebService.getPokemon(from: urlString)
            } catch{
                print("---> PokeDetailsView error: \(error)")
            }
        }
    }
}

class PokeWebService: ObservableObject{
    
    @Published var pokeList: PokemonList?
    @Published var pokemonIndvl: Pokemon?
    
    func getPokemonList() async throws {
        let (data, _) = try await URLSession.shared.data(from: Constants.url.pokeList)
        Task{@MainActor in
            self.pokeList = try JSONDecoder().decode(PokemonList.self, from: data)
        }
    }
    
    func getPokemon(from urlString: String) async throws {
        if let url = URL(string: urlString) {
            let (data, _) = try await URLSession.shared.data(from: url)
            Task{@MainActor in
                self.pokemonIndvl = try JSONDecoder().decode(Pokemon.self, from: data)
            }
        }
    }
    
}

// using https://app.quicktype.io/

// MARK: - PokemonList
struct PokemonList: Codable {
    let count: Int
    let results: [ListItem]  // <-- don't use the word Result
}

// MARK: - ListItem
struct ListItem: Codable, Identifiable {
    let id = UUID()
    let name: String
    let url: String
    enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
        case name, url
    }
}

struct HeldItem: Codable {
    let item: Species
    let versionDetails: [VersionDetail]

    enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
        case item
        case versionDetails = "version_details"
    }
}

struct VersionDetail: Codable {
    let rarity: Int
    let version: Species
}

 // MARK: - Pokemon
 struct Pokemon: Codable, Identifiable {
     let abilities: [Ability]
     let baseExperience: Int
     let forms: [Species]
     let gameIndices: [GameIndex]
     let height: Int
     let heldItems: [HeldItem]
     let id: Int
     let isDefault: Bool
     let locationAreaEncounters: String
     let moves: [Move]
     let name: String
     let order: Int
     let pastTypes: [String]
     let species: Species
     let sprites: Sprites
     let stats: [Stat]
     let types: [TypeElement]
     let weight: Int

     enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
         case abilities
         case baseExperience = "base_experience"
         case forms
         case gameIndices = "game_indices"
         case height
         case heldItems = "held_items"
         case id
         case isDefault = "is_default"
         case locationAreaEncounters = "location_area_encounters"
         case moves, name, order
         case pastTypes = "past_types"
         case species, sprites, stats, types, weight
     }
 }

 // MARK: - Ability
 struct Ability: Codable {
     let ability: Species
     let isHidden: Bool
     let slot: Int

     enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
         case ability
         case isHidden = "is_hidden"
         case slot
     }
 }

 // MARK: - Species
 struct Species: Codable {
     let name: String
     let url: String
 }

 // MARK: - GameIndex
 struct GameIndex: Codable {
     let gameIndex: Int
     let version: Species

     enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
         case gameIndex = "game_index"
         case version
     }
 }

 // MARK: - Move
 struct Move: Codable {
     let move: Species
     let versionGroupDetails: [VersionGroupDetail]

     enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
         case move
         case versionGroupDetails = "version_group_details"
     }
 }

 // MARK: - VersionGroupDetail
 struct VersionGroupDetail: Codable {
     let levelLearnedAt: Int
     let moveLearnMethod, versionGroup: Species

     enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
         case levelLearnedAt = "level_learned_at"
         case moveLearnMethod = "move_learn_method"
         case versionGroup = "version_group"
     }
 }

 // MARK: - GenerationV
 struct GenerationV: Codable {
     let blackWhite: Sprites

     enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
         case blackWhite = "black-white"
     }
 }

 // MARK: - GenerationIv
 struct GenerationIv: Codable {
     let diamondPearl, heartgoldSoulsilver, platinum: Sprites

     enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
         case diamondPearl = "diamond-pearl"
         case heartgoldSoulsilver = "heartgold-soulsilver"
         case platinum
     }
 }

 // MARK: - Versions
 struct Versions: Codable {
     let generationI: GenerationI
     let generationIi: GenerationIi
     let generationIii: GenerationIii
     let generationIv: GenerationIv
     let generationV: GenerationV
     let generationVi: [String: Home]
     let generationVii: GenerationVii
     let generationViii: GenerationViii

     enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
         case generationI = "generation-i"
         case generationIi = "generation-ii"
         case generationIii = "generation-iii"
         case generationIv = "generation-iv"
         case generationV = "generation-v"
         case generationVi = "generation-vi"
         case generationVii = "generation-vii"
         case generationViii = "generation-viii"
     }
 }

 // MARK: - Sprites
 class Sprites: Codable {
     let backDefault: String
     let backFemale: String?
     let backShiny: String
     let backShinyFemale: String?
     let frontDefault: String
     let frontFemale: String?
     let frontShiny: String
     let frontShinyFemale: String?
     let other: Other?
     let versions: Versions?
     let animated: Sprites?

     enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
         case backDefault = "back_default"
         case backFemale = "back_female"
         case backShiny = "back_shiny"
         case backShinyFemale = "back_shiny_female"
         case frontDefault = "front_default"
         case frontFemale = "front_female"
         case frontShiny = "front_shiny"
         case frontShinyFemale = "front_shiny_female"
         case other, versions, animated
     }

 }

 // MARK: - GenerationI
 struct GenerationI: Codable {
     let redBlue, yellow: RedBlue

     enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
         case redBlue = "red-blue"
         case yellow
     }
 }

 // MARK: - RedBlue
 struct RedBlue: Codable {
     let backDefault, backGray, backTransparent, frontDefault: String
     let frontGray, frontTransparent: String

     enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
         case backDefault = "back_default"
         case backGray = "back_gray"
         case backTransparent = "back_transparent"
         case frontDefault = "front_default"
         case frontGray = "front_gray"
         case frontTransparent = "front_transparent"
     }
 }

 // MARK: - GenerationIi
 struct GenerationIi: Codable {
     let crystal: Crystal
     let gold, silver: Gold
 }

 // MARK: - Crystal
 struct Crystal: Codable {
     let backDefault, backShiny, backShinyTransparent, backTransparent: String
     let frontDefault, frontShiny, frontShinyTransparent, frontTransparent: String

     enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
         case backDefault = "back_default"
         case backShiny = "back_shiny"
         case backShinyTransparent = "back_shiny_transparent"
         case backTransparent = "back_transparent"
         case frontDefault = "front_default"
         case frontShiny = "front_shiny"
         case frontShinyTransparent = "front_shiny_transparent"
         case frontTransparent = "front_transparent"
     }
 }

 // MARK: - Gold
 struct Gold: Codable {
     let backDefault, backShiny, frontDefault, frontShiny: String
     let frontTransparent: String?

     enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
         case backDefault = "back_default"
         case backShiny = "back_shiny"
         case frontDefault = "front_default"
         case frontShiny = "front_shiny"
         case frontTransparent = "front_transparent"
     }
 }

 // MARK: - GenerationIii
 struct GenerationIii: Codable {
     let emerald: Emerald
     let fireredLeafgreen, rubySapphire: Gold

     enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
         case emerald
         case fireredLeafgreen = "firered-leafgreen"
         case rubySapphire = "ruby-sapphire"
     }
 }

 // MARK: - Emerald
 struct Emerald: Codable {
     let frontDefault, frontShiny: String

     enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
         case frontDefault = "front_default"
         case frontShiny = "front_shiny"
     }
 }

 // MARK: - Home
 struct Home: Codable {
     let frontDefault: String
     let frontFemale: String?
     let frontShiny: String
     let frontShinyFemale: String?

     enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
         case frontDefault = "front_default"
         case frontFemale = "front_female"
         case frontShiny = "front_shiny"
         case frontShinyFemale = "front_shiny_female"
     }
 }

 // MARK: - GenerationVii
 struct GenerationVii: Codable {
     let icons: DreamWorld
     let ultraSunUltraMoon: Home

     enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
         case icons
         case ultraSunUltraMoon = "ultra-sun-ultra-moon"
     }
 }

 // MARK: - DreamWorld
 struct DreamWorld: Codable {
     let frontDefault: String
     let frontFemale: String?

     enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
         case frontDefault = "front_default"
         case frontFemale = "front_female"
     }
 }

 // MARK: - GenerationViii
 struct GenerationViii: Codable {
     let icons: DreamWorld
 }

 // MARK: - Other
 struct Other: Codable {
     let dreamWorld: DreamWorld
     let home: Home
     let officialArtwork: OfficialArtwork

     enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
         case dreamWorld = "dream_world"
         case home
         case officialArtwork = "official-artwork"
     }
 }

 // MARK: - OfficialArtwork
 struct OfficialArtwork: Codable {
     let frontDefault: String

     enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
         case frontDefault = "front_default"
     }
 }

 // MARK: - Stat
 struct Stat: Codable {
     let baseStat, effort: Int
     let stat: Species

     enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
         case baseStat = "base_stat"
         case effort, stat
     }
 }

 // MARK: - TypeElement
 struct TypeElement: Codable {
     let slot: Int
     let type: Species
 }

编辑-1:

如果你对NavigationStack有问题，那就用这个NavigationView吧.

NavigationView {
    List(pokeWebService.pokeList?.results ?? []){ pokemon in
        NavigationLink(destination: PokeDetailsView(urlString: pokemon.url)) {
            Text(pokemon.name)
        }
    }
}

Json相关问答推荐

您可以使用Jolt对JSON执行OR条件吗

删除JSON文件的特定内容

将数组中的值作为键连接到另一个数组中的值(Jolt)

NiFi QueryRecord处理器- Select 可选的JSON属性

无法从JSON解析ZonedDateTime，但可以使用格式化程序很好地解析

如何让JSON子查询在没有行的情况下返回空数组而不是NULL

Jolt-在数组列表中插入新的字段

PostgreSQL：删除 JSONB 数组中每个元素的特定键

使用 jq 和脚本 bash 映射两个 json

Golang / Go - 如果 struct 没有字段，如何将其编组为空？

Swift：如何从字典中删除空值？

编写 JSON 日志(log)文件的格式？

将 PHP 结果数组转换为 JSON

使用 GSON 解析嵌套的 JSON 数据

JSON 使用 simplejson 序列化 Django 模型

嵌套 JSON：如何向对象添加(推送)新项目？

如何判断 JSON 响应元素是否为数组？

如何在spark 上将json字符串转换为数据帧

如何从 JSON 响应中提取单个值？

如何从 github API 解析链接头

实用课程推荐
相关教程推荐
休闲君评测 |  TOOLFK工具网 |  古诗文网 |  良许Linux教程网 |  Python之禅 |  红色石头 |  入党申请书 | 

© 2020 Hi LearnFk 意见反馈 免责声明 关于我们 桂ICP备11002319号-3 友链&广告位+QQ: 1963612630