Java 在 tomcat 9 中设置 xnat webapp 时出错

我遵循了xnat站点(https://wiki.xnat.org/documentation/getting-started-with-xnat/xnat-installation-guide)上的在线文档，并安装了ApacheTomcat9(版本9.0.75，JVM版本:1.8.0_372_b07，JVM供应商:Temurin).但是，当我在xnat Web应用程序上点击‘开始’时，我得到了错误:

FAIL - Application at context path [/xnat-web-1.8.8] could not be started
FAIL - Encountered exception [org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [org.apache.catalina.webresources.StandardRoot@35a50a4c]]

日志(log)文件显示以下内容(截断以允许在此处发布):

... org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext.log HTMLManager: Error starting [/xnat-web-1.8.8]
        org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [org.apache.catalina.webresources.StandardRoot@6dde5c8c]
                at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.handleSubClassException(LifecycleBase.java:440)
              
...
...
...
                at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:659)
                at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
                at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:750)
        Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException
                at java.lang.String.startsWith(String.java:1405)
                at java.lang.String.startsWith(String.java:1434)
                at org.apache.catalina.webresources.AbstractFileResourceSet.file(AbstractFileResourceSet.java:98)
                at org.apache.catalina.webresources.DirResourceSet.getResource(DirResourceSet.java:94)
                at org.apache.catalina.webresources.StandardRoot.getResourceInternal(StandardRoot.java:272)
                at org.apache.catalina.webresources.Cache.getResource(Cache.java:64)
                at org.apache.catalina.webresources.StandardRoot.getResource(StandardRoot.java:211)
                at org.apache.catalina.webresources.StandardRoot.listResources(StandardRoot.java:347)
                at org.apache.catalina.webresources.StandardRoot.processWebInfLib(StandardRoot.java:585)
                at org.apache.catalina.webresources.StandardRoot.startInternal(StandardRoot.java:722)
                at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)

根据ChatGPT的数据:

Based on the provided log file, it appears that there is an error during the deployment of the web application '/xnat-web-1.8.8' in Tomcat. The error message indicates a NullPointerException and a LifecycleException related to the StandardRoot component.

The root cause of the issue seems to be the NullPointerException occurring within the AbstractFileResourceSet class. It specifically fails when attempting to access a file resource, likely due to a missing or invalid file path.

我想知道这个问题是在单元文件中还是在PostgreSQL配置(TCP/IP连接)设置中.我只在本地主机上使用Tomcat.在我的pg_hba.conf文件中，我刚刚添加了行listen_addresses = '*' 如果你看下面的单元文件，我已经给了它多个文件夹来读写.默认情况下，Tomcat使用/opt/tomcat.但是xnat文档设置表明我使用/var/lib/tomcat、/var/log/tomcat和/etc/tomcat/Catalina作为ReadWritePath.我刚刚在我的单元文件中添加了所有这些以及我的安装默认路径.我想知道这是否就是错误所在. 我的Tomcat单元文件是:

[Unit]
Description=Apache Tomcat Web Application Container
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
User=xnat
Group=xnat
PrivateTmp=yes
Environment="JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-amd64"
Environment="JAVA_OPTS=-Djava.security.egd=file:///dev/urandom -Djava.awt.headless=true"
Environment="CATALINA_BASE=/opt/tomcat"
Environment="CATALINA_HOME=/opt/tomcat"
Environment="CATALINA_PID=/opt/tomcat/temp/tomcat.pid"
Environment="CATALINA_OPTS="-Xms512M -Xmx1024M -server -XX:+UseParallelGC -Dxnat.home=/data/xnat/home"
ExecStart=/opt/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
ExecStop=/opt/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh
#AmbientCapabilities=CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE
NoNewPrivileges=true
CacheDirectory=tomcat
CacheDirectoryMode=750
#ProtectSystem=strict
ReadWritePaths=/etc/tomcat/Catalina/
ReadWritePaths=/opt/tomcat/webapps/
ReadWritePaths=/var/lib/tomcat/webapps/
ReadWritePaths=/opt/log/tomcat/
ReadWritePaths=/var/log/tomcat/
ReadWritePaths=/data/xnat/home
ReadWritePaths=/home/xnat/
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

/opt/tomcat/webapp/xnat-1.8.8/META-INF下的context.xml文件是:

xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!--
  ~ web: context.xml
  ~ XNAT http://www.xnat.org
  ~ Copyright (c) 2005-2021, Washington University School of Medicine and Howard Hughes Medical Institute
  ~ All Rights Reserved
  ~
  ~ Released under the Simplified BSD.
  -->

<Context>
    <!--
    For Tomcat 7 compatibility, uncomment the <Loader> element and comment out the <Resources>
    and <CookieProcessor> elements under that.
    -->
    <!-- Loader className="org.apache.catalina.loader.VirtualWebappLoader" searchVirtualFirst="true" virtualClasspath="${xnat.home}/plugins/*.jar"/ -->

    <!--
    For Tomcat 8 compatibility, uncomment the <Resources> and <CookieProcessor> elements below and
    comment out the <Loader> element below that.
    -->
    <Resources>
        <PreResources className="org.apache.catalina.webresources.DirResourceSet" base="${xnat.home}/plugins" webAppMount="/WEB-INF/lib" />
    </Resources>
    <CookieProcessor className="org.apache.tomcat.util.http.LegacyCookieProcessor" />
    <JarScanner scanAllDirectories="true" />
    <Parameter name="xnatHome" value="${xnat.home}"/>
    <Manager pathname="" />
</Context>

从那以后，我也试图通过流浪者和 docker 部署xnat，但没有成功. 如果你能给我任何帮助，我将不胜感激.