Java 如何知道使用 lambda 表达式调用哪个重载方法

首先，我不知道如何得体地表达这个问题，所以这是我的建议.

假设我们有以下重载方法:

void execute(Callable<Void> callable) {
    try {
        callable.call();
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

<T> T execute(Supplier<T> supplier) {
    return supplier.get();
}

void execute(Runnable runnable) {
    runnable.run();
}

从这张桌子上下来，我得了another SO question分

Supplier       ()    -> x
Consumer       x     -> ()
BiConsumer     x, y  -> ()
Callable       ()    -> x throws ex
Runnable       ()    -> ()
Function       x     -> y
BiFunction     x,y   -> z
Predicate      x     -> boolean
UnaryOperator  x1    -> x2
BinaryOperator x1,x2 -> x3

以下是我在当地得到的结果:

// Runnable -> expected as this is a plain void  
execute(() -> System.out.println()); 

// Callable -> why is it not a Supplier? It does not throw any exceptions..
execute(() -> null);

// Supplier -> this returns an Object, but how is that different from returning null?
execute(() -> new Object());

// Callable -> because it can throw an exception, right?
execute(() -> {throw new Exception();});

编译器如何知道调用哪个方法？