你如何使用 cgo 在 go 中静态链接一个 c 库

因此，该组中有很多内容建议您可以在Go中执行此操作(尽管CGO文档中没有):

package bridge

import "fmt"

// #cgo CFLAGS: -I/Users/doug/projects/c/go-bridge/include
// #cgo LDFLAGS: /Users/doug/projects/c/go-bridge/build/libgb.a
// #include <junk.h>
import "C"

func Run() {
  fmt.Printf("Invoking c library...\n")
  C.x(10)
  fmt.Printf("Done\n")
}

然而，它似乎不起作用:

/var/folders/.../bridge.a(bridge.cgo2.o)(__TEXT/__text): x: not defined

使用动态库似乎可以很好地执行此操作，并且判断生成的文件时，其中实际上包含符号‘x’:

/var/folders/rg/hj4s3qlj3sz1d1b5p50ws0vc0000gn/T/go-build442792776/bridge/_obj/_cgo_.o:
0000000100001048 S _NXArgc 
0000000100001050 S _NXArgv 
0000000100001060 S ___progname 
0000000100000dc0 T __cgo_2d7eefe3d6d4_Cfunc_x
0000000100000da0 T __cgo_allocate 
0000000100000db0 T __cgo_panic
0000000100000000 T __mh_execute_header 
0000000100000d90 T _crosscall2
0000000100001058 S _environ
                 U _exit 
0000000100000d80 T _main
                 U _puts 
0000000100001000 s _pvars 
0000000100000de0 T _x                <------- Exists
                 U dyld_stub_binder 
0000000100000d40 T start

但显然只是bridge.cgo2.o中的一个标记:

/var/folders/rg/hj4s3qlj3sz1d1b5p50ws0vc0000gn/T/go-build442792776/bridge.a(bridge.cgo2.o):
0000000000000368 s EH_frame0
0000000000000000 T __cgo_2d7eefe3d6d4_Cfunc_x
0000000000000380 S __cgo_2d7eefe3d6d4_Cfunc_x.eh
                 U _x

我做错了什么？

对于ref，c标头:

int x(int y);

和代码:

#include <junk.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int x(int y) {
  printf("Hello World\n");
  return y;
}

--

编辑:

不，-L和-l也不起作用；实际上在Google组上有一些具体的讨论，这个(-l/blah/blah.a)不适用于CGO，正确的语法is实际上是省略-l，只列出.a文件……不过，嘿，如果有用的话，我肯定会用的.但事实并非如此:

dougs-mini:go doug$ go run test.go
# bridge
ld: library not found for -l/Users/doug/projects/c/go-bridge/build/libgb.a
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
dougs-mini:go doug$ ls -l /Users/doug/projects/c/go-bridge/build/libgb.a
-rw-r--r--  1 doug  staff  872 25 May 14:02 /Users/doug/projects/c/go-bridge/build/libgb.a

详细版本:

dougs-mini:go doug$ go build -work -x test.go
WORK=/var/folders/rg/hj4s3qlj3sz1d1b5p50ws0vc0000gn/T/go-build354497708
mkdir -p $WORK/bridge/_obj/
cd /Users/doug/projects/c/go-bridge/go/src/bridge
/Users/doug/projects/go/go/pkg/tool/darwin_amd64/cgo -objdir $WORK/bridge/_obj/ -- -I/Users/doug/projects/c/go-bridge/include -I $WORK/bridge/_obj/ bridge.go
/Users/doug/projects/go/go/pkg/tool/darwin_amd64/6c -FVw -I $WORK/bridge/_obj/ -I /Users/doug/projects/go/go/pkg/darwin_amd64 -o $WORK/bridge/_obj/_cgo_defun.6 -DGOOS_darwin -DGOARCH_amd64 $WORK/bridge/_obj/_cgo_defun.c
gcc -I . -g -O2 -fPIC -m64 -pthread -fno-common -I/Users/doug/projects/c/go-bridge/include -I $WORK/bridge/_obj/ -o $WORK/bridge/_obj/_cgo_main.o -c $WORK/bridge/_obj/_cgo_main.c
gcc -I . -g -O2 -fPIC -m64 -pthread -fno-common -I/Users/doug/projects/c/go-bridge/include -I $WORK/bridge/_obj/ -o $WORK/bridge/_obj/_cgo_export.o -c $WORK/bridge/_obj/_cgo_export.c
gcc -I . -g -O2 -fPIC -m64 -pthread -fno-common -I/Users/doug/projects/c/go-bridge/include -I $WORK/bridge/_obj/ -o $WORK/bridge/_obj/bridge.cgo2.o -c $WORK/bridge/_obj/bridge.cgo2.c
gcc -I . -g -O2 -fPIC -m64 -pthread -fno-common -o $WORK/bridge/_obj/_cgo_.o $WORK/bridge/_obj/_cgo_main.o $WORK/bridge/_obj/_cgo_export.o $WORK/bridge/_obj/bridge.cgo2.o -l/Users/doug/projects/c/go-bridge/build/libgb.a
# bridge
ld: library not found for -l/Users/doug/projects/c/go-bridge/build/libgb.a
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

值得注意的是，try 这样链接(使用-l)时的失败是gcc无法链接的典型情况，因为您试图组合一组对象文件.

例如:

gcc -I . -g -O2 -fPIC -m64 -pthread -fno-common -o ... -l/path/libgb.a

永远不会在gcc下编译；您可以像这样链接静态库:

gcc -I . -g -O2 -fPIC -m64 -pthread -fno-common -o ... /path/libgb.a

也就是说.我绝对不是漏掉了a-l或-L.