SpringBoot导出Word文档的三种方式

一、导出方案

.doc      application/msword
.dot      application/msword
 
.docx     application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
.dotx     application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.template
.docm     application/vnd.ms-word.document.macroEnabled.12
.dotm     application/vnd.ms-word.template.macroEnabled.12
 
.xls      application/vnd.ms-excel
.xlt      application/vnd.ms-excel
.xla      application/vnd.ms-excel
 
.xlsx     application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
.xltx     application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.template
.xlsm     application/vnd.ms-excel.sheet.macroEnabled.12
.xltm     application/vnd.ms-excel.template.macroEnabled.12
.xlam     application/vnd.ms-excel.addin.macroEnabled.12
.xlsb     application/vnd.ms-excel.sheet.binary.macroEnabled.12
 
.ppt      application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
.pot      application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
.pps      application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
.ppa      application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
 
.pptx     application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation
.potx     application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.template
.ppsx     application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.slideshow
.ppam     application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.addin.macroEnabled.12
.pptm     application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.presentation.macroEnabled.12
.potm     application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.template.macroEnabled.12
.ppsm     application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.slideshow.macroEnabled.12
 
.mdb      application/vnd.ms-access

二、富文本转换后的HTML下载为Word文档

1、准备

  • 业务需求

    • 前端使用富文本插件生成带HTML标签的word文档,然后需要下载这个word文档。
    • 每个word文档的格式是可变的
  • 扩展业务需求:

    • 甚至可以去替换HTML的Word中的内容,然后导出需要的文档;缺点:替换字符串麻烦、而且HTML的Word的标签还需要研究。
    • 基于上述的业务需求。建议使用模板技术导出(也就是“三”)
  • 参考:

  • 导出结果

2、实现

2.1、导包

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi-ooxml-schemas -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
    <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
    <version>4.1.2</version>
</dependency>

2.2、HTML的word文档

package com.cc.ewd.html;

/**
 * @author CC
 * @since 2023/4/24 0024
 */
public interface HtmlConstants {

    /**
     * 普通文档(富文本生成的)
     */
    String HTML1 = "<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>文章标题</strong></h1><h1><strong>一、标题1" +
            "</strong></h1><p><strong> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 我是数据:{NUM}</strong></p><h2><strong>" +
            "1.1、吾问无为谓</strong></h2><table style=\"width: 100%;\">" +
            "<tbody><tr><th colSpan=\"1\" rowSpan=\"1\" width=\"auto\">序号</th>" +
            "<th colSpan=\"1\" rowSpan=\"1\" width=\"auto\">第一列</th>" +
            "<th colSpan=\"1\" rowSpan=\"1\" width=\"auto\">第二列</th>" +
            "<th colSpan=\"1\" rowSpan=\"1\" width=\"auto\">第三列</th>" +
            "<th colSpan=\"1\" rowSpan=\"1\" width=\"auto\">第四列</th>" +
            "</tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" width=\"auto\" style=\"text-align: center;\">1</td>" +
            "<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" width=\"auto\" style=\"text-align: center;\">11</td>" +
            "<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" width=\"auto\" style=\"text-align: center;\">22</td>" +
            "<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" width=\"auto\" style=\"text-align: center;\">33</td>" +
            "<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" width=\"auto\" style=\"text-align: center;\">44</td>" +
            "</tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" width=\"auto\" style=\"text-align: center;\">2</td>" +
            "<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" width=\"auto\" style=\"text-align: center;\">11</td>" +
            "<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" width=\"auto\" style=\"text-align: center;\">22</td>" +
            "<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" width=\"auto\" style=\"text-align: center;\">33</td>" +
            "<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" width=\"auto\" style=\"text-align: center;\">44</td>" +
            "</tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" width=\"auto\" style=\"text-align: center;\">3</td>" +
            "<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" width=\"auto\" style=\"text-align: center;\">11</td>" +
            "<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" width=\"auto\" style=\"text-align: center;\">22</td>" +
            "<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" width=\"auto\" style=\"text-align: center;\">33</td>" +
            "<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" width=\"auto\" style=\"text-align: center;\">44</td></tr>" +
            "</tbody></table><p><br></p>";

    /**
     * 带表格文档(可以富文本生成,也可以使用word文档另存为HTML文件,然后拷出来)
     */
    String HTML2 = "<!--StartFragment--><div class=\"Section0\"  style=\"layout-grid:15.6000pt;\" ><h1 align=center  style=\"text-align:center;\" ><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight:normal\" ><span style=\"mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;\n" +
            "mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';mso-ansi-font-weight:bold;\n" +
            "font-size:22.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:22.0000pt;\" ><font face=\"宋体\" >标题</font></span></b><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight:normal\" ><span style=\"mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;\n" +
            "mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';mso-ansi-font-weight:bold;\n" +
            "font-size:22.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:22.0000pt;\" ><o:p></o:p></span></b></h1><h2><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight:normal\" ><span style=\"mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:黑体;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;\n" +
            "mso-hansi-font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';mso-ansi-font-weight:bold;\n" +
            "font-size:16.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;\" ><font face=\"黑体\" >一、段落</font><font face=\"Arial\" >1</font></span></b><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight:normal\" ><span style=\"mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-font-family:黑体;\n" +
            "mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';mso-ansi-font-weight:bold;font-size:16.0000pt;\n" +
            "mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;\" ><o:p></o:p></span></b></h2><p class=MsoNormal ><span style=\"mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;\n" +
            "mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10.5000pt;\n" +
            "mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;\" ><font face=\"宋体\" >哒哒</font></span><b><span style=\"mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;\n" +
            "mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';color:rgb(0,0,255);\n" +
            "font-weight:bold;font-size:10.5000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;\" ><font face=\"宋体\" >哒哒哒</font></span></b><span style=\"mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;\n" +
            "mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10.5000pt;\n" +
            "mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;\" ><font face=\"宋体\" >哒</font></span><span style=\"mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;\n" +
            "mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10.5000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;\" ><o:p></o:p></span></p><h2><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight:normal\" ><span style=\"mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;\n" +
            "mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';mso-ansi-font-weight:bold;\n" +
            "font-size:16.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;\" ><font face=\"Calibri\" >1.1</font><font face=\"宋体\" >、表格</font></span></b><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight:normal\" ><span style=\"mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;\n" +
            "mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';mso-ansi-font-weight:bold;font-size:16.0000pt;\n" +
            "mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;\" ><o:p></o:p></span></b></h2><table class=MsoTableGrid  border=1  cellspacing=0  style=\"border-collapse:collapse;border:none;mso-border-left-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;\n" +
            "mso-border-top-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;mso-border-right-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;mso-border-bottom-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;\n" +
            "mso-border-insideh:0.5000pt solid windowtext;mso-border-insidev:0.5000pt solid windowtext;mso-padding-alt:0.0000pt 5.4000pt 0.0000pt 5.4000pt ;\" ><tr><td width=142  valign=center  style=\"width:106.5000pt;padding:0.0000pt 5.4000pt 0.0000pt 5.4000pt ;border-left:1.0000pt solid windowtext;\n" +
            "mso-border-left-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;border-right:1.0000pt solid windowtext;mso-border-right-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;\n" +
            "border-top:1.0000pt solid windowtext;mso-border-top-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;border-bottom:1.0000pt solid windowtext;\n" +
            "mso-border-bottom-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;\" ><p class=MsoNormal  align=center  style=\"text-align:center;\" ><span style=\"font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;\n" +
            "mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10.5000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;\" ><font face=\"宋体\" >序号</font></span><span style=\"font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';\n" +
            "font-size:10.5000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;\" ><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=142  valign=center  style=\"width:106.5000pt;padding:0.0000pt 5.4000pt 0.0000pt 5.4000pt ;border-left:1.0000pt solid windowtext;\n" +
            "mso-border-left-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;border-right:1.0000pt solid windowtext;mso-border-right-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;\n" +
            "border-top:1.0000pt solid windowtext;mso-border-top-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;border-bottom:1.0000pt solid windowtext;\n" +
            "mso-border-bottom-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;\" ><p class=MsoNormal  align=center  style=\"text-align:center;\" ><span style=\"font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;\n" +
            "mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10.5000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;\" ><font face=\"宋体\" >列</font><font face=\"Calibri\" >1</font></span><span style=\"font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';\n" +
            "font-size:10.5000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;\" ><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=142  valign=center  style=\"width:106.5500pt;padding:0.0000pt 5.4000pt 0.0000pt 5.4000pt ;border-left:1.0000pt solid windowtext;\n" +
            "mso-border-left-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;border-right:1.0000pt solid windowtext;mso-border-right-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;\n" +
            "border-top:1.0000pt solid windowtext;mso-border-top-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;border-bottom:1.0000pt solid windowtext;\n" +
            "mso-border-bottom-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;\" ><p class=MsoNormal  align=center  style=\"text-align:center;\" ><span style=\"font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;\n" +
            "mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10.5000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;\" ><font face=\"宋体\" >列</font><font face=\"Calibri\" >2</font></span><span style=\"font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';\n" +
            "font-size:10.5000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;\" ><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=142  valign=center  style=\"width:106.5500pt;padding:0.0000pt 5.4000pt 0.0000pt 5.4000pt ;border-left:1.0000pt solid windowtext;\n" +
            "mso-border-left-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;border-right:1.0000pt solid windowtext;mso-border-right-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;\n" +
            "border-top:1.0000pt solid windowtext;mso-border-top-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;border-bottom:1.0000pt solid windowtext;\n" +
            "mso-border-bottom-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;\" ><p class=MsoNormal  align=center  style=\"text-align:center;\" ><span style=\"font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;\n" +
            "mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10.5000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;\" ><font face=\"宋体\" >列</font><font face=\"Calibri\" >3</font></span><span style=\"font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';\n" +
            "font-size:10.5000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;\" ><o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr><tr><td width=142  valign=center  style=\"width:106.5000pt;padding:0.0000pt 5.4000pt 0.0000pt 5.4000pt ;border-left:1.0000pt solid windowtext;\n" +
            "mso-border-left-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;border-right:1.0000pt solid windowtext;mso-border-right-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;\n" +
            "border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;border-bottom:1.0000pt solid windowtext;\n" +
            "mso-border-bottom-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;\" ><p class=MsoNormal  align=center  style=\"text-align:center;\" ><span style=\"font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;\n" +
            "mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10.5000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;\" ><font face=\"Calibri\" >1</font></span><span style=\"font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';\n" +
            "font-size:10.5000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;\" ><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=142  valign=center  style=\"width:106.5000pt;padding:0.0000pt 5.4000pt 0.0000pt 5.4000pt ;border-left:1.0000pt solid windowtext;\n" +
            "mso-border-left-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;border-right:1.0000pt solid windowtext;mso-border-right-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;\n" +
            "border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;border-bottom:1.0000pt solid windowtext;\n" +
            "mso-border-bottom-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;\" ><p class=MsoNormal  align=center  style=\"text-align:center;\" ><span style=\"font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;\n" +
            "mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10.5000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;\" ><font face=\"Calibri\" >11</font></span><span style=\"font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';\n" +
            "font-size:10.5000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;\" ><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=142  valign=center  style=\"width:106.5500pt;padding:0.0000pt 5.4000pt 0.0000pt 5.4000pt ;border-left:1.0000pt solid windowtext;\n" +
            "mso-border-left-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;border-right:1.0000pt solid windowtext;mso-border-right-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;\n" +
            "border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;border-bottom:1.0000pt solid windowtext;\n" +
            "mso-border-bottom-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;\" ><p class=MsoNormal  align=center  style=\"text-align:center;\" ><span style=\"font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;\n" +
            "mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10.5000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;\" ><font face=\"Calibri\" >22</font></span><span style=\"font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';\n" +
            "font-size:10.5000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;\" ><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=142  valign=center  style=\"width:106.5500pt;padding:0.0000pt 5.4000pt 0.0000pt 5.4000pt ;border-left:1.0000pt solid windowtext;\n" +
            "mso-border-left-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;border-right:1.0000pt solid windowtext;mso-border-right-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;\n" +
            "border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;border-bottom:1.0000pt solid windowtext;\n" +
            "mso-border-bottom-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;\" ><p class=MsoNormal  align=center  style=\"text-align:center;\" ><span style=\"font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;\n" +
            "mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10.5000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;\" ><font face=\"Calibri\" >33</font></span><span style=\"font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';\n" +
            "font-size:10.5000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;\" ><o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal ><span style=\"mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;\n" +
            "mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10.5000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;\" ><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal ><span style=\"mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;\n" +
            "mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10.5000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;\" ><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal ><span style=\"mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;\n" +
            "mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10.5000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;\" ><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p><h2><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight:normal\" ><span style=\"mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:黑体;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;\n" +
            "mso-hansi-font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';mso-ansi-font-weight:bold;\n" +
            "font-size:16.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;\" ><font face=\"黑体\" >二、段落</font><font face=\"Arial\" >2</font></span></b><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight:normal\" ><span style=\"mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-font-family:黑体;\n" +
            "mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';mso-ansi-font-weight:bold;font-size:16.0000pt;\n" +
            "mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;\" ><o:p></o:p></span></b></h2><p class=MsoNormal ><span style=\"mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;\n" +
            "mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10.5000pt;\n" +
            "mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;\" ><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal ><span style=\"mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;\n" +
            "mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10.5000pt;\n" +
            "mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;\" ><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal ><span style=\"mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;\n" +
            "mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10.5000pt;\n" +
            "mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;\" ><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p></div><!--EndFragment-->";

}

2.3、导出

  • 逻辑、注意事项看注释

  • 代码:

package com.cc.ewd.web.controller;

import com.cc.ewd.html.HtmlConstants;
import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.DirectoryEntry;
import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.POIFSFileSystem;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;

/** 业务需求:前端使用富文本插件生成带HTML标签的word文档,然后需要下载这个word文档。
 * @author CC
 * @since 2023/4/24 0024
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/apachePoiExport")
public class ApachePoiExport {

  /** 将HTML内容(富文本生成的HTML)转换为Word文档并下载
   * @param response HTTP响应
   */
  @GetMapping
  public void getDoc(HttpServletResponse response) {
    String fileName = "Word文件名";
    String html = HtmlConstants.HTML2;
    //导出word的方法
    exportWord(fileName, html, response);
  }

  /** <p>将HTML内容(富文本生成的HTML)转换为Word文档并下载(word2007之后的_docx)</p>
   *  <li>参考:https://my.oschina.net/u/1045509/blog/1924024</li>
   *  <li>参考:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_42682745/article/details/120867432</li>
   * @param fileName 文件名
   * @param html 富文本生成的HTML
   * @param response 响应
   * @since 2023/4/25 0025
   * @author CC
   **/
  public static void exportWord(String fileName, String html, HttpServletResponse response) {
    //0、获取富文本的html:
    // HTML内容必须被<html><body></body></html>包装;最好设置一下编码格式
    // HTML在这里设置<head></head>是为了让输入的文档是以"页面视图"。而不是"Web版式"
    String wrappedHtml =
            "<html xmlns:v=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml\" xmlns:o=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office\"\n" +
                    "xmlns:w=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word\" xmlns:m=\"http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2004/12/omml\"\n" +
                    "xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40\">" +
                "<head>" +
                    "<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml><w:WordDocument><w:View>Print</w:View><w:TrackMoves>false</w:TrackMoves>" +
                    "<w:TrackFormatting/><w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/><w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>" +
                    "<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent><w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>" +
                    "<w:DoNotPromoteQF/><w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther><w:LidThemeAsian>ZH-CN</w:LidThemeAsian>" +
                    "<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript><w:Compatibility><w:BreakWrappedTables/>" +
                    "<w:SnapToGridInCell/><w:WrapTextWithPunct/><w:UseAsianBreakRules/><w:DontGrowAutofit/><w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>" +
                    "<w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/><w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/><w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/><w:Word11KerningPairs/>" +
                    "<w:CachedColBalance/><w:UseFELayout/></w:Compatibility><w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel>" +
                    "<m:mathPr><m:mathFont m:val=\"Cambria Math\"/><m:brkBin m:val=\"before\"/><m:brkBinSub m:val=\"--\"/>" +
                    "<m:smallFrac m:val=\"off\"/><m:dispDef/><m:lMargin m:val=\"0\"/> <m:rMargin m:val=\"0\"/><m:defJc m:val=\"centerGroup\"/>" +
                    "<m:wrapIndent m:val=\"1440\"/><m:intLim m:val=\"subSup\"/><m:naryLim m:val=\"undOvr\"/></m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>" +
                    "</xml><![endif]-->" +
                "</head>" +
                "<body>%s</body>" +
            "</html>";

    wrappedHtml = String.format(wrappedHtml, html);

    //1、将HTML转换为Word文档byte数组
    byte[] bytes = wrappedHtml.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
    try (POIFSFileSystem poifsFileSystem = new POIFSFileSystem();
         InputStream byteInputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes);
//             InputStream inputStream = new BufferedInputStream(byteInputStream);
         ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    ){
      //2、使用ApachePoi转换word并设置到输出流outputStream
      DirectoryEntry directory = poifsFileSystem.getRoot();
      //WordDocument名称不允许修改
      directory.createDocument("WordDocument", byteInputStream);
      //将Word文档写入POIFSFileSystem对象
      poifsFileSystem.writeFilesystem(outputStream);

      //3、①将Word文档(输出流outputStream)写入HTTP响应并下载;②也可以上传到自己的文件服务器然后返回URL给前端下载。
      response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
      //设置content-type就是告诉浏览器这是啥玩意儿
      //"octet-stream" :通用二进制流;
      //"msword" :Microsoft Word文档
      //"vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document" :响应的内容类型设置为Microsoft Word 2007及更高版本的docx格式。对应的文件名后缀需要改成”docx“
      response.setContentType("application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document;charset=UTF-8");
      //解决跨域不显示在header里面的问题
      response.setHeader("Access-Control-Expose-Headers","Content-disposition");
      //"attachment":让浏览器把响应视为附件并下载
      //"inline":    让浏览器打开Word文档而不是下载它
      response.setHeader("Content-disposition","attachment; filename=" +
              URLEncoder.encode(fileName.concat(".docx"), "UTF-8"));
      //BufferedOutputStream缓冲流:可以将数据缓存在内存中,以减少对底层IO的调用次数,从而提高性能。
      //ServletOutputStream:用于向客户端发送数据的
      //因为需要将数据写入HTTP响应,所以使用ServletOutputStream是更好的选择。
      OutputStream out = new BufferedOutputStream(response.getOutputStream());
      out.write(outputStream.toByteArray());
      out.flush();
      out.close();
    } catch (Exception e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }

}


三、使用模板技术导出

  • 使用Thymeleaf模板技术(推荐,也是我使用的)。也可以使用FreeMarker

  • Word文件的格式是固定

  • 可以根据需求写入不同的数据

1、准备工作

1.1、导包

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>

1.2、导出文件的预处理,Thymeleaf语法

  • 使用WPS(建议使用微软的Word)新建一个需要导出Word文件

  • 这个Word文件中,需要替换的值,最好使用单独的格式。因为单独的格式在HTML或者xml中才能区分

  • 弄好Word文件,最后另存为xml格式或者HTML(单个文件)格式。就得到我们需要的xml或者HTML格式的Word文件。

  • 使用Thymeleaf语法修改xml文件

    • 参考:Thymeleaf更多语法见下面:

      https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45203607/article/details/120251923
      
      https://blog.csdn.net/guoqigengxin/article/details/108674177普通文本
      
    • 普通文本

  • 循环

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  • 条件判断:if-else

1.3、把处理好的xml文件放到resources下

1.4、使用HTML的注意事项

  • 见附件:thymeleaf_3_wps.html

  • 另存为后,修改HTML的编码格式:utf-8

  • 设置值,直接可以设置在:font 标签上

  • “页面视图“修改:
    • 参考导出页面视图见:一、导出方案


2、原理

  • 可以使用xml导出、也可以使用HTML导出。
  • 导出前需要预处理xml
  • 可以使用下面的进行测试、导出。

2.1、原理

package com.cc.ewd.web.controller;

import com.cc.ewd.vo.Msg4Vo;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.thymeleaf.context.Context;
import org.thymeleaf.spring5.SpringTemplateEngine;
import org.thymeleaf.templatemode.TemplateMode;
import org.thymeleaf.templateresolver.ClassLoaderTemplateResolver;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

/** thymeleaf导出的原理
 * @author CC
 * @since 2023/4/25 0025
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/thymeleafTheoryExport")
public class ThymeleafTheoryExport {

    @Resource
    private SpringTemplateEngine springTemplateEngine;

    /** <p>原理</p>
     * <ol>
     *     <li>相当于把word文件转为xml或者html,然后修改其中的值再以xml、html下载成word文件</li>
     *     <li>这个方法只能运行一次,因为对ClassLoaderTemplateResolver的设置是一次性的</li>
     *     <li>所以需要将ClassLoaderTemplateResolver设置成单例:配置Bean。</li>
     *     <li>doc或docx的模板别使用WPS的文档,使用微软的office新建word文档,然后转为xml或html</li>
     *     <li>可以导出xml、也可以导出html:建议使用xml</li>
     * </ol>
     */
    @GetMapping
    public void thymeleafExport(HttpServletResponse response){
        String fileName = "第一个thy的文件";

        //一、设置Thymeleaf模板
        ClassLoaderTemplateResolver templateResolver = new ClassLoaderTemplateResolver();
        //xml文件地址:自定义xml的文件夹:thymeleafcs/thymeleaf_1_wps.xml
        //xml文件地址:默认放在thymeleaf下就可以读取到
        templateResolver.setPrefix("thymeleafcs/");
        //设置文件的后缀
        templateResolver.setSuffix(".xml");
//        templateResolver.setSuffix(".html");
        templateResolver.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        //模板模式:默认是HTML。改为xml
//        templateResolver.setTemplateMode(TemplateMode.XML);
        templateResolver.setTemplateMode(TemplateMode.HTML);
        //加载模板
        springTemplateEngine.setTemplateResolver(templateResolver);
        //启用Spring EL编译器
        springTemplateEngine.setEnableSpringELCompiler(true);

        //二、设置数据(可以用map,也可以用对象)
        Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        //1普通文本参数
        map.put("msg1","我是参数1111");
        map.put("msg2","我是参数2222");
        map.put("msg3","我是参数3333");
        //2if-else参数
        map.put("thIf1","1");
        map.put("thIf2","2");

        //3循环:构建集合参数,用于表格:可以是Map;可以是对象
//        List<Map<String,Object>> msg4Vos = new ArrayList<>();
        List<Msg4Vo> msg4Vos = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            //1map方式
//            Map<String,Object> map4 = new HashMap<>();
//            map4.put("l1","列1-" + i);
//            map4.put("l2","列2-" + i);
//            map4.put("l3","列3-" + i);
//            map4.put("l4","列4-" + i);
//            msg4Vos.add(map4);
            //2对象方式
            Msg4Vo vo = new Msg4Vo();
            vo.setL1("列1-" + i);
            vo.setL2("列2-" + i);
            vo.setL3("列3-" + i);
            vo.setL4("列4-" + i);
            msg4Vos.add(vo);
        }
        map.put("msg4Vos",msg4Vos);

        //4设置数据
        Context context = new Context();
        context.setVariables(map);
        //写入输入(模板名称,数据)
        String process = springTemplateEngine.process("thymeleaf_4_wps_final", context);

        //三、下载
        //建议下载成doc的。不然微软的office可能打不开
        try {
            byte[] bytes = process.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
//            ByteArrayInputStream inputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes);
//            ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = getByteArrayOutputStream(inputStream);

            response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
            response.setContentType("application/msword");
            response.setHeader("Access-Control-Expose-Headers","Content-disposition");
            response.setHeader("Content-disposition","attachment; filename=" +
                    URLEncoder.encode(fileName.concat(".doc"), "UTF-8"));
            ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();

            //两种方式都可以:用bytes好些
//            out.write(outputStream.toByteArray());
            out.write(bytes);
            out.flush();
            out.close();
        }catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

    /** 将 ByteArrayInputStream 拷贝成 ByteArrayOutputStream
     *  将 字节数组输入流 拷贝成 字节数组输出流
     */
    public static ByteArrayOutputStream getByteArrayOutputStream(ByteArrayInputStream inputStream) throws IOException {
        ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        int length;
        while ((length = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
            outputStream.write(buffer, 0, length);
        }
        return outputStream;
    }

}

2.2、导出后预览

3、实现

3.1、yml配置

server:
  port: 5555

spring:
  #thymeleaf的配置
  thymeleaf:
    #关闭 Thymeleaf 的缓存开发过程中无需重启
    #Thymeleaf默认会开启页面缓存,提高页面并发能力。但会导致我们修改页面不会立即被展现,因此我们关闭缓存
    cache: false
    #设置thymeleaf页面的编码
    encoding: UTF-8
    #模型:XML/HTML5:HTML是默认值, 为了清楚起见, 在此处添加。
    mode: XML
    #设置thymeleaf页面的后缀:.html是默认。
    suffix: .xml
    #设置thymeleaf页面的存储路径
    prefix: classpath:/thymeleafcs/
    #使用Spring 4.2.4或更高版本启用SpringEL编译器
    #可以加快大多数情况下的执行速度, 但是当一个模板中
    #的表达式在不同数据类型之间重用时,
    #可能与特定情况不兼容, 因此该标志默认为“false”
    #以实现更安全的向后兼容性。
    enable-spring-el-compiler: true

3.2、实现

package com.cc.ewd.web.controller;

import com.cc.ewd.vo.Msg4Vo;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.thymeleaf.context.Context;
import org.thymeleaf.spring5.SpringTemplateEngine;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

/** thymeleaf导出的实现
 * @author CC
 * @since 2023/5/4 0025
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/thymeleafExport")
public class ThymeleafExport {

    @Resource
    private SpringTemplateEngine springTemplateEngine;

    /** <p>原理</p>
     * <ol>
     *     <li>相当于把word文件转为xml或者html,然后修改其中的值再以xml、html下载成word文件</li>
     *     <li>这个方法只能运行一次,因为对ClassLoaderTemplateResolver的设置是一次性的</li>
     *     <li>所以需要将ClassLoaderTemplateResolver设置成单例:配置Bean。</li>
     *     <li>doc或docx的模板别使用WPS的文档,使用微软的office新建word文档,然后转为xml或html</li>
     *     <li>可以导出xml、也可以导出html:建议使用xml</li>
     * </ol>
     */
    @GetMapping
    public void thymeleafExport(HttpServletResponse response){
        String fileName = "第二个thy的文件";

        //一、设置数据(可以用map,也可以用对象)
        Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        //1普通文本参数
        map.put("msg1","我是参数1111");
        map.put("msg2","我是参数2222");
        map.put("msg3","我是参数3333");
        //2if-else参数
        map.put("thIf1","1");
        map.put("thIf2","2");

        //3循环:构建集合参数,用于表格:可以是Map;可以是对象
//        List<Map<String,Object>> msg4Vos = new ArrayList<>();
        List<Msg4Vo> msg4Vos = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            //1map方式
//            Map<String,Object> map4 = new HashMap<>();
//            map4.put("l1","列1-" + i);
//            map4.put("l2","列2-" + i);
//            map4.put("l3","列3-" + i);
//            map4.put("l4","列4-" + i);
//            msg4Vos.add(map4);
            //2对象方式
            Msg4Vo vo = new Msg4Vo();
            vo.setL1("列1-" + i);
            vo.setL2("列2-" + i);
            vo.setL3("列3-" + i);
            vo.setL4("列4-" + i);
            msg4Vos.add(vo);
        }
        map.put("msg4Vos",msg4Vos);

        //4设置数据
        Context context = new Context();
        context.setVariables(map);
        //写入输入(模板名称,数据)
        String process = springTemplateEngine.process("thymeleaf_4_wps_final", context);

        //二、下载
        //建议下载成doc的。不然微软的office可能打不开
        try {
            byte[] bytes = process.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
//            ByteArrayInputStream inputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes);
//            ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = getByteArrayOutputStream(inputStream);

            response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
            response.setContentType("application/msword");
            response.setHeader("Access-Control-Expose-Headers","Content-disposition");
            response.setHeader("Content-disposition","attachment; filename=" +
                    URLEncoder.encode(fileName.concat(".doc"), "UTF-8"));
            ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();

            //两种方式都可以:用bytes好些
//            out.write(outputStream.toByteArray());
            out.write(bytes);
            out.flush();
            out.close();
        }catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

    /** 将 ByteArrayInputStream 拷贝成 ByteArrayOutputStream
     *  将 字节数组输入流 拷贝成 字节数组输出流
     */
    public static ByteArrayOutputStream getByteArrayOutputStream(ByteArrayInputStream inputStream) throws IOException {
        ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        int length;
        while ((length = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
            outputStream.write(buffer, 0, length);
        }
        return outputStream;
    }

}

3.3、不使用yml配置,使用配置bean方式

  • 可以配置不同的bean,注入使用的时候,使用我们需要的bean。实现动态使用不同类型的模板的功能。
  • 如果yml中配置了, 又配置了bean。yml中的配置会失效。
  • 其中一个bean一定要添加:@Primary。来设置默认的bean
  • config配置
package com.cc.ewd.config;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import org.thymeleaf.spring5.SpringTemplateEngine;
import org.thymeleaf.spring5.templateresolver.SpringResourceTemplateResolver;
import org.thymeleaf.templatemode.TemplateMode;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

/** ThymeLeaf单独的配置
 * @since 2023/5/4 0004
 * @author CC
 **/
@Configuration
public class MyThymeLeafConfig {

    @Resource
    private ApplicationContext applicationContext;

    /** 自定义的bean
     * @return SpringTemplateEngine
     * @Primary :<li>作用:指定使用名为“myTemplateEngine”的bean作为默认bean。</li>
     *          <li>这样,当您在需要使用SpringTemplateEngine的地方没有指定@Qualifier注释时,Spring将使用该默认bean。</li>
     *          <li>使用@Resource时,可直接设置名字。不用使用@Qualifier注释</li>
     */
    @Bean(name = "myTemplateEngine")
    @Primary
    public SpringTemplateEngine myTemplateEngine(){
        // SpringTemplateEngine自动应用SpringStandardDialect
        // 并启用Spring自己的MessageSource消息解析机制。
        SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine = new SpringTemplateEngine();
        SpringResourceTemplateResolver templateResolver = myTemplateResolver();
        templateEngine.setTemplateResolver(templateResolver);
        // 使用Spring 4.2.4或更高版本启用SpringEL编译器
        // 可以加快大多数情况下的执行速度, 但是当一个模板中
        // 的表达式在不同数据类型之间重用时,
        // 可能与特定情况不兼容, 因此该标志默认为“false”
        // 以实现更安全的向后兼容性。
        templateEngine.setEnableSpringELCompiler(true);
        return templateEngine;
    }

    /** 自定义配置
     * @return SpringResourceTemplateResolver
     */
    @Bean("myTemplateResolver")
    public SpringResourceTemplateResolver myTemplateResolver(){
        // SpringResourceTemplateResolver自动与Spring自己集成
        // 资源解决基础设施, 强烈推荐。
        SpringResourceTemplateResolver templateResolver = new SpringResourceTemplateResolver();
        templateResolver.setApplicationContext(this.applicationContext);
        templateResolver.setPrefix("classpath:thymeleafcs/");
        templateResolver.setSuffix(".html");
        templateResolver.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        // HTML是默认值, 为了清楚起见, 在此处添加。
        templateResolver.setTemplateMode(TemplateMode.HTML);
        return templateResolver;
    }

//----------------------------------------------

    /** 自定义的bean2
     * @return SpringTemplateEngine
     */
    @Bean(name = "myTemplateEngine2")
    public SpringTemplateEngine myTemplateEngine2(){
        // SpringTemplateEngine自动应用SpringStandardDialect
        // 并启用Spring自己的MessageSource消息解析机制。
        SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine = new SpringTemplateEngine();
        SpringResourceTemplateResolver templateResolver = myTemplateResolver2();
        templateEngine.setTemplateResolver(templateResolver);
        // 使用Spring 4.2.4或更高版本启用SpringEL编译器
        // 可以加快大多数情况下的执行速度, 但是当一个模板中
        // 的表达式在不同数据类型之间重用时,
        // 可能与特定情况不兼容, 因此该标志默认为“false”
        // 以实现更安全的向后兼容性。
        templateEngine.setEnableSpringELCompiler(true);
        return templateEngine;
    }

    /** 自定义配置2
     * @return SpringResourceTemplateResolver
     */
    @Bean("myTemplateResolver2")
    public SpringResourceTemplateResolver myTemplateResolver2(){
        // SpringResourceTemplateResolver自动与Spring自己集成
        // 资源解决基础设施, 强烈推荐。
        SpringResourceTemplateResolver templateResolver = new SpringResourceTemplateResolver();
        templateResolver.setApplicationContext(this.applicationContext);
        templateResolver.setPrefix("classpath:thymeleafcs/");
        templateResolver.setSuffix(".xml");
        templateResolver.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        // HTML是默认值, 为了清楚起见, 在此处添加。
        templateResolver.setTemplateMode(TemplateMode.XML);
        return templateResolver;
    }

}
  • 使用

    • @Resource注入:

          @Resource(name = "myTemplateEngine")
          private SpringTemplateEngine springTemplateEngine;
      
    • @Autowired注入:

          @Autowired
          @Qualifier("myTemplateEngine")
          private SpringTemplateEngine springTemplateEngine1Html;
      
    • 配置文件会失效——配置类优先

    • 使用:根据传入的type不同。使用的模板是不同的。

package com.cc.ewd.web.controller;

import com.cc.ewd.vo.Msg4Vo;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.thymeleaf.context.Context;
import org.thymeleaf.spring5.SpringTemplateEngine;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

/** thymeleaf导出的实现
 * @author CC
 * @since 2023/5/4 0025
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/thymeleafExport")
public class ThymeleafExport {

//    @Resource
//    private SpringTemplateEngine springTemplateEngine;
    @Resource(name = "myTemplateEngine")
    private SpringTemplateEngine springTemplateEngine1Html;
    @Resource(name = "myTemplateEngine2")
    private SpringTemplateEngine springTemplateEngine2Xml;

    /** <p>原理</p>
     * <ol>
     *     <li>相当于把word文件转为xml或者html,然后修改其中的值再以xml、html下载成word文件</li>
     *     <li>这个方法只能运行一次,因为对ClassLoaderTemplateResolver的设置是一次性的</li>
     *     <li>所以需要将ClassLoaderTemplateResolver设置成单例:配置Bean。</li>
     *     <li>doc或docx的模板别使用WPS的文档,使用微软的office新建word文档,然后转为xml或html</li>
     *     <li>可以导出xml、也可以导出html:建议使用xml</li>
     * </ol>
     */
    @GetMapping
    public void thymeleafExport(@RequestParam String type, HttpServletResponse response){
        String fileName = "第二个thy的文件";

        //一、设置数据(可以用map,也可以用对象)
        Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        //1普通文本参数
        map.put("msg1","我是参数1111");
        map.put("msg2","我是参数2222");
        map.put("msg3","我是参数3333");
        //2if-else参数
        map.put("thIf1","1");
        map.put("thIf2","2");

        //3循环:构建集合参数,用于表格:可以是Map;可以是对象
//        List<Map<String,Object>> msg4Vos = new ArrayList<>();
        List<Msg4Vo> msg4Vos = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            //1map方式
//            Map<String,Object> map4 = new HashMap<>();
//            map4.put("l1","列1-" + i);
//            map4.put("l2","列2-" + i);
//            map4.put("l3","列3-" + i);
//            map4.put("l4","列4-" + i);
//            msg4Vos.add(map4);
            //2对象方式
            Msg4Vo vo = new Msg4Vo();
            vo.setL1("列1-" + i);
            vo.setL2("列2-" + i);
            vo.setL3("列3-" + i);
            vo.setL4("列4-" + i);
            msg4Vos.add(vo);
        }
        map.put("msg4Vos",msg4Vos);

        //4设置数据
        Context context = new Context();
        context.setVariables(map);
        //写入输入(模板名称,数据):1:html;2:xml
        String process = "";
        if ("1".equals(type)){
            process = springTemplateEngine1Html.process("thymeleaf_3_wps", context);
        }else if ("2".equals(type)){
            process = springTemplateEngine2Xml.process("thymeleaf_4_wps_final", context);
        }

        //二、下载
        //建议下载成doc的。不然微软的office可能打不开
        try {
            byte[] bytes = process.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
//            ByteArrayInputStream inputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes);
//            ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = getByteArrayOutputStream(inputStream);

            response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
            response.setContentType("application/msword");
            response.setHeader("Access-Control-Expose-Headers","Content-disposition");
            response.setHeader("Content-disposition","attachment; filename=" +
                    URLEncoder.encode(fileName.concat(".doc"), "UTF-8"));
            ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();

            //两种方式都可以:用bytes好些
//            out.write(outputStream.toByteArray());
            out.write(bytes);
            out.flush();
            out.close();
        }catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

    /** 将 ByteArrayInputStream 拷贝成 ByteArrayOutputStream
     *  将 字节数组输入流 拷贝成 字节数组输出流
     */
    public static ByteArrayOutputStream getByteArrayOutputStream(ByteArrayInputStream inputStream) throws IOException {
        ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        int length;
        while ((length = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
            outputStream.write(buffer, 0, length);
        }
        return outputStream;
    }

}

四、总结

  • 甚至可以结合Thymeleaf模板技术和ApachePoi技术。
  • 先使用Thymeleaf模板技术替换Word文档中的值。然后得到完整的HTML格式的Word文档
  • 然后使用ApachePoi导出HTML格式的Word文档
  • 文中使用到的文档:

https://files.cnblogs.com/files/blogs/787464/SpringBoot导出Word文档的三种方式-文档.rar?t=1683184411&download=true

作者:|C_C_菜园|,原文链接: https://www.cnblogs.com/kakarotto-chen/p/17371043.html

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