这并没有太大的区别，这主要是因为人们的喜好.我主要使用conftest.py个来引入您的测试所需的、但不直接使用的修复程序.因此，您可能有一个对数据库执行有用操作的装置，但需要一个数据库连接才能做到这一点.因此，您使db_connection灯具在conftest.py个中可用，然后您的测试只需执行以下操作:

conftest.py个

from tests.database_fixtures import db_connection

__all__ = ['db_connection']

tests/database_fixtures.py个

import pytest

@pytest.fixture
def db_connection():
    ...

@pytest.fixture
def new_user(db_connection):
    ...

test/test_user.py个

from tests.database_fixtures import new_user

def test_user(new_user):
    assert new_user.id > 0  # or whatever the test needs to do

If you didn't make db_connection available in conftest.py个 or directly import it then pytest would fail to find the db_connection fixture when trying to use the new_user fixture. If you directly import db_connection into your test file, then linters will complain that it is an unused import. Worse, some may remove it, and cause your tests to fail. So making the db_connection available in conftest.py个, to me, is the simplest solution.

Overriding Fixtures

The one significant difference is that it is easier to override fixtures using conftest.py个. Say you have a directory layout of:

./
├─ conftest.py
└─ tests/
   ├─ test_foo.py
   └─ bar/
      ├─ conftest.py
      └─ test_foobar.py

In conftest.py个 you could have:

import pytest

@pytest.fixture
def some_value():
    return 'foo'

然后在tests/bar/conftest.py年内，你可能会有:

import pytest

@pytest.fixture
def some_value(some_value):
    return some_value + 'bar'

拥有多个配置测试允许您重写一个装置，同时仍然保持对原始装置的访问.因此，接下来的测试都会奏效.

tests/test_foo.py个

def test_foo(some_value):
    assert some_value == 'foo'

tests/bar/test_foobar.py个

def test_foobar(some_value):
    assert some_value == 'foobar'

You can still do this without conftest.py个, but it's a bit more complicated. You'd need to do something like:

import pytest

# in this scenario we would have something like:
#   mv contest.py tests/custom_fixtures.py
from tests.custom_fixtures import some_value as original_some_value

@pytest.fixture
def some_value(original_some_value):
    return original_some_value + 'bar'

def test_foobar(some_value):
    assert some_value == 'foobar'