Python 如何将user_id传递给 CustomerSerializer

我不知道如何从requests.user.id传递user_id，并在CustomerSerializer中使用它将对象保存到数据库中.错误源于这样一个事实，即user_id存在于数据库的Customer表中，但它没有显示为要在REST_FrameworkAPI前端传递的字段(只有phone和profile_image显示).

Here is the Customer model:个

class Customer(models.Model):
    phone = models.CharField(max_length=14)
    profile_image = models.ImageField(blank=True, null=True)
    user = models.OneToOneField(
        settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL, on_delete=models.CASCADE)

Here is the ViewSet:个

class CustomerViewSet(ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Customer.objects.all()
    permission_classes = [permissions.IsAdminUser]
    serializer_class = CustomerSerializer

    # Only admin users can make requests other than 'GET'
    def get_permissions(self):
        if self.request.method == 'GET':
            return [permissions.AllowAny()]
        return [permissions.IsAdminUser()]

    @action(detail=False, methods=['GET', 'PUT'])
    def me(self, request):
        customer, created = Customer.objects.get_or_create(user_id=request.user.id)
        if request.method == 'GET':
            serializer = CustomerSerializer(customer)
            return Response(serializer.data)
        elif request.method == 'PUT':
            serializer = CustomerSerializer(customer, data=request.data)
            serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
            serializer.save()
            return Response(serializer.data)

...and here is the Serializer:.

class CustomerSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Customer
        fields = ['id', 'user_id', 'profile_image', 'phone']
```python


... and when I try to save a new customer by sending a POST request to the endpoint with the following data:

```json
{
    "profile_image": "Images/image.png",
    "phone": "009293930"
}

我得到以下错误:

IntegrityError at /api/customers/
(1048, "Column 'user_id' cannot be null")
Request Method: POST
Request URL:    http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/customers/
Django Version: 4.0.6
Exception Type: IntegrityError
Exception Value:    
(1048, "Column 'user_id' cannot be null")
Exception Location: /home/caleb/.local/share/virtualenvs/Cribr-svgsjjVF/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pymysql/err.py, line 143, in raise_mysql_exception
Python Executable:  /home/caleb/.local/share/virtualenvs/Cribr-svgsjjVF/bin/python
Python Version: 3.8.10
Python Path:    
['/home/caleb/Desktop/Cribr',
 '/home/caleb/Desktop/Cribr',
 '/snap/pycharm-professional/290/plugins/python/helpers/pycharm_display',
 '/usr/lib/python38.zip',
 '/usr/lib/python3.8',
 '/usr/lib/python3.8/lib-dynload',
 '/home/caleb/.local/share/virtualenvs/Cribr-svgsjjVF/lib/python3.8/site-packages',
 '/snap/pycharm-professional/290/plugins/python/helpers/pycharm_matplotlib_backend']
Server time:    Thu, 28 Jul 2022 23:38:53 +0000

我认为这里的问题在于序列化程序类没有从POST请求中获得user_id值.我try 通过上下文对象(即context={'user_id': request.user.id})将request.user.id从视图集传递给序列化程序，但我不知道如何将其添加到序列化程序传递给save方法的已验证数据中.

在这个问题上的任何帮助都将不胜感激.先谢谢你.