字符串格式 JSON 字符串给出 KeyError

发布于05月03日

Why does this code give a KeyError?

output_format = """
{ 
    "File": "{filename}", 
    "Success": {success}, 
    "ErrorMessage": "{error_msg}", 
    "LogIdentifier": "{log_identifier}" 
}
"""

print output_format.format(filename='My_file_name',
                           success=True,
                           error_msg='',
                           log_identifier='123')

错误消息:

KeyError: ' "File"'

推荐答案

你需要加倍外支架；否则Python认为{ "File"..也是一个参考:

output_format = '{{ "File": "{filename}", "Success": {success}, "ErrorMessage": "{error_msg}", "LogIdentifier": "{log_identifier}" }}'

Result:

>>> print output_format.format(filename='My_file_name',
...                            success=True,
...                            error_msg='',
...                            log_identifier='123')
{ "File": "My_file_name", "Success": True, "ErrorMessage": "", "LogIdentifier": "123" }

If, indicentally, you are producing JSON output, you'd be better off using the json module:

>>> import json
>>> print json.dumps({'File': 'My_file_name',
...                   'Success': True,
...                   'ErrorMessage': '',
...                   'LogIdentifier': '123'})
{"LogIdentifier": "123", "ErrorMessage": "", "Success": true, "File": "My_file_name"}

Note the lowercase true in the output, as required by the JSON standard.