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Laravel 8 - CRUD教程

在本教程中，无涯教程想展示Laravel 8 Crud操作示例。

步骤1:安装Laravel 8

首先，安装最新版本Laravel框架。

composer create-project --prefer-dist laravel/laravel blog

步骤2:数据库配置

在第二步中，将使数据库配置进行数据库配置，例如配置Crud应用程序的数据库名称，用户名，密码等。因此，打开.env文件并填充.

.env

DB_CONNECTION=mysql
DB_HOST=127.0.0.1
DB_PORT=3306
DB_DATABASE=数据库名
DB_USERNAME=数据库帐号
DB_PASSWORD=数据库密码

参考阅读: Laravel 8 - 新函数

步骤3:创建迁移

无涯教程将为Product表创建Crud应用程序。所以使用Laravel 8 PHP Artisan命令为"Products"表创建迁移:

php artisan make:migration create_products_table --create=products

在此命令之后，您将在以下路径"database/migrations"中找到一个文件。

<?php
  
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
  
class CreateProductsTable extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('products'， function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->id();
            $table->string('name');
            $table->text('detail');
            $table->timestamps();
        });
    }
  
    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('products');
    }
}

现在，通过以下命令运行此迁移:

php artisan migrate

步骤4:添加资源路由

此处，需要为Product 创建CRUD资源路由。打开"routes/web.php"文件并添加以下路由。

routes/web.php

use App\Http\Controllers\ProductController;
  
Route::resource('products'， ProductController::class);

步骤5:添加控制器和模型

在此步骤中，现在将新的控制器创建为ProductController，运行以下命令并创建新控制器。

php artisan make:controller ProductController --resource --model=Product

命令后，您将在此路径中找到新文件"app/Http/Controllers/ProductController.php"。

在此控制器中，默认情况下将创建七种方法:

1)index() - 首页调用

2)create() - 跳转到创建页面调用

3)store() - 新增保存时调用

4)show() - 查看时调用

5)edit() - 跳转到修改页面调用

6)update() - 更新时调用

7)destroy() - 删除时调用

所以，复制代码并放在ProductController.php文件中。

app/Http/Controller/ProductController.php

<?php
  
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
   
use App\Models\Product;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
  
class ProductController extends Controller
{
    /**
     * Display a listing of the resource.
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function index()
    {
        $products = Product::latest()->paginate(5);
    
        return view('products.index'，compact('products'))
            ->with('i'， (request()->input('page'， 1) - 1) * 5);
    }
     
    /**
     * Show the form for creating a new resource.
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function create()
    {
        return view('products.create');
    }
    
    /**
     * Store a newly created resource in storage.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function store(Request $request)
    {
        $request->validate([
            'name' => 'required'，
            'detail' => 'required'，
        ]);
    
        Product::create($request->all());
     
        return redirect()->route('products.index')
                        ->with('success'，'Product created successfully.');
    }
     
    /**
     * Display the specified resource.
     *
     * @param  \App\Product  $product
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function show(Product $product)
    {
        return view('products.show'，compact('product'));
    } 
     
    /**
     * Show the form for editing the specified resource.
     *
     * @param  \App\Product  $product
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function edit(Product $product)
    {
        return view('products.edit'，compact('product'));
    }
    
    /**
     * Update the specified resource in storage.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @param  \App\Product  $product
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function update(Request $request， Product $product)
    {
        $request->validate([
            'name' => 'required'，
            'detail' => 'required'，
        ]);
    
        $product->update($request->all());
    
        return redirect()->route('products.index')
                        ->with('success'，'Product updated successfully');
    }
    
    /**
     * Remove the specified resource from storage.
     *
     * @param  \App\Product  $product
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function destroy(Product $product)
    {
        $product->delete();
    
        return redirect()->route('products.index')
                        ->with('success'，'Product deleted successfully');
    }
}

好的，所以在运行命令后，您将找到"app/Models/Product.php"并将内容复制进Product.php文件:

app/Models/Product.php

<?php
  
namespace App\Models;
  
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
  
class Product extends Model
{
    use HasFactory;
  
    protected $fillable = [
        'name'， 'detail'
    ];
}

步骤6:添加视图页面

在最后一步。创建Blade视图文件。先创建布局文件，然后创建新文件夹"products"，最后创建Crud对应的的blade页面。

1)layout.blade.php - 布局文件

2)index.blade.php - 列表页文件

3)create.blade.php - 新增页文件

4)edit.Blade.php - 修改页文件

5)show.blade.php - 查看页文件

所以让无涯教程只是创建以下文件并将代码放在下面。

resources/views/products/layout.blade.php

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Laravel 8 CRUD Application - 无涯教程</title>
    <link href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/twitter-bootstrap/4.0.0-alpha/css/bootstrap.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
  
<div class="container">
    @yield('content')
</div>
   
</body>
</html>

resources/views/products/index.blade.php

@extends('products.layout')
 
@section('content')
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-lg-12 margin-tb">
            <div class="pull-left">
                <h2>Laravel 8 CRUD Example from scratch - Learnfk.com</h2>
            </div>
            <div class="pull-right">
                <a class="btn btn-success" href="{{ route('products.create') }}"> Create New Product</a>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
   
    @if ($message = Session::get('success'))
        <div class="alert alert-success">
            <p>{{ $message }}</p>
        </div>
    @endif
   
    <table class="table table-bordered">
        <tr>
            <th>No</th>
            <th>Name</th>
            <th>Details</th>
            <th width="280px">Action</th>
        </tr>
        @foreach ($products as $product)
        <tr>
            <td>{{ ++$i }}</td>
            <td>{{ $product->name }}</td>
            <td>{{ $product->detail }}</td>
            <td>
                <form action="{{ route('products.destroy'，$product->id) }}" method="POST">
   
                    <a class="btn btn-info" href="{{ route('products.show'，$product->id) }}">Show</a>
    
                    <a class="btn btn-primary" href="{{ route('products.edit'，$product->id) }}">Edit</a>
   
                    @csrf
                    @method('DELETE')
      
                    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-danger">Delete</button>
                </form>
            </td>
        </tr>
        @endforeach
    </table>
  
    {!! $products->links() !!}
      
@endsection

resources/views/products/create.blade.php

@extends('products.layout')
  
@section('content')
<div class="row">
    <div class="col-lg-12 margin-tb">
        <div class="pull-left">
            <h2>Add New Product</h2>
        </div>
        <div class="pull-right">
            <a class="btn btn-primary" href="{{ route('products.index') }}"> Back</a>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
   
@if ($errors->any())
    <div class="alert alert-danger">
        <strong>Whoops!</strong> There were some problems with your input.<br><br>
        <ul>
            @foreach ($errors->all() as $error)
                <li>{{ $error }}</li>
            @endforeach
        </ul>
    </div>
@endif
   
<form action="{{ route('products.store') }}" method="POST">
    @csrf
  
     <div class="row">
        <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12">
            <div class="form-group">
                <strong>Name:</strong>
                <input type="text" name="name" class="form-control" placeholder="Name">
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12">
            <div class="form-group">
                <strong>Detail:</strong>
                <pre class="form-control" style="height:150px" name="detail" placeholder="Detail"></pre>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12 text-center">
                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit</button>
        </div>
    </div>
   
</form>
@endsection

resources/views/products/edit.blade.php

@extends('products.layout')
   
@section('content')
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-lg-12 margin-tb">
            <div class="pull-left">
                <h2>Edit Product</h2>
            </div>
            <div class="pull-right">
                <a class="btn btn-primary" href="{{ route('products.index') }}"> Back</a>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
   
    @if ($errors->any())
        <div class="alert alert-danger">
            <strong>Whoops!</strong> There were some problems with your input.<br><br>
            <ul>
                @foreach ($errors->all() as $error)
                    <li>{{ $error }}</li>
                @endforeach
            </ul>
        </div>
    @endif
  
    <form action="{{ route('products.update'，$product->id) }}" method="POST">
        @csrf
        @method('PUT')
   
         <div class="row">
            <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12">
                <div class="form-group">
                    <strong>Name:</strong>
                    <input type="text" name="name" value="{{ $product->name }}" class="form-control" placeholder="Name">
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12">
                <div class="form-group">
                    <strong>Detail:</strong>
                    <pre class="form-control" style="height:150px" name="detail" placeholder="Detail">{{ $product->detail }}</pre>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12 text-center">
              <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit</button>
            </div>
        </div>
   
    </form>
@endsection

resources/views/products/show.blade.php

@extends('products.layout')
  
@section('content')
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-lg-12 margin-tb">
            <div class="pull-left">
                <h2> Show Product</h2>
            </div>
            <div class="pull-right">
                <a class="btn btn-primary" href="{{ route('products.index') }}"> Back</a>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
   
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12">
            <div class="form-group">
                <strong>Name:</strong>
                {{ $product->name }}
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12">
            <div class="form-group">
                <strong>Details:</strong>
                {{ $product->detail }}
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
@endsection