C++ 在 struct 数组的末尾需要空括号{}是什么

发布于03月02日

I hit some c code in Linux kernel:

static struct ctl_table ip_ct_sysctl_table[] = {
    {
        .procname   = "ip_conntrack_max",
        .maxlen     = sizeof(int),
        .mode       = 0644,
        .proc_handler   = proc_dointvec,
    },
    // ...
    {
        .procname   = "ip_conntrack_log_invalid",
        .maxlen     = sizeof(unsigned int),
        .mode       = 0644,
        .proc_handler   = proc_dointvec_minmax,
        .extra1     = &log_invalid_proto_min,
        .extra2     = &log_invalid_proto_max,
    },
    { }
};

Here an array of structs ends with { }. For what purpose was it added?
By the way, a bit above this code there is another array of structs, but without empty braces at the end.

When should I use empty braces at the end of an array of structs?

推荐答案

This particular change was part of the sysctl net: Remove unused binary sysctl code commit by Eric W. Biederman, changing the initialization of the last element of the ip_ct_sysctl_table array from {0} to {} (and performs similar changes to many other array initializations).

The {0} pattern seems to have been around for much longer though, and both {0} or {} final element-initialization is commonly (in the Linux source code) explicitly referred to as Terminating entry, so it is likely a pattern present to allow consuming these arrays without knowing their lengths, terminating consumption when hitting the zero-initialized terminating entry. E.g. for the similar arrays in sound/aoa/fabrics/snd-aoa-fabric-layout.c the intent of the zero-initialization is even explicitly mentioned in a comment, e.g.:

static struct codec_connection toonie_connections[] = {
  {
      .connected = CC_SPEAKERS | CC_HEADPHONE,
      .codec_bit = 0,
  },
  {} /* terminate array by .connected == 0 */
};

C++ 在 struct 数组的末尾需要空括号{}是什么

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