After throwing 是Spring AOP中的Advice类型。如果方法抛出异常,它将确保advice运行。无涯教程使用 @AfterThrowing 注释实施掷后advice。
@AfterThrowing(PointCut="execution(expression) ", throwing="name")
PointCut - 它选择一个函数。
execution(expression) - 这是一个要在其上应用advice的表达式。
throwing - 要返回的异常的名称。
步骤1 - 打开Spring Initializr http://start.spring.io 。
步骤2 - 提供Group名称。
步骤3 - 提供 Artifact Id 。
步骤4 - 添加 Spring Web 依赖项。
步骤5 - 单击 Generate (生成)按钮。当单击"Generate"按钮时,它将所有规范包装在 jar 文件中,并将其下载到本地系统。
步骤6 - 提取下载的jar文件。
步骤7 - 导入文件夹,请执行以下步骤:
File -> Import -> Existing Maven Projects -> Next -> Browse the Folder aop-after-throwing-advice-example -> Finish.
步骤8 - 打开 pom.xml 文件,并添加以下 AOP 依赖项。它是使用 Spring AOP 和 AspectJ 进行面向方面编程的入门。
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId> </dependency>
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.learnfk</groupId> <artifactId>aop-after-throwing-advice-example</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>aop-after-throwing-advice-example</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
步骤9 - 在 src/main/java 文件夹中创建名称为 com.learnfk.model 的软件包。
步骤10 - 在包 com.learnfk.model中创建一个名称为 Account 的类。
Account.java
package com.learnfk.model; public class Account { private String accountNumber; private String accountType; public Account(String accountNumber, String accountType) { super(); this.accountNumber = accountNumber; this.accountType = accountType; } public String getAccountType() { return accountType; } public String getAccountNumber() { return accountNumber; } @Override public String toString() { return "Account [accountNumber=" + accountNumber+ ", accountType=" + accountType + "]"; } }
步骤11 - 创建另一个名为 com.learnfk.service.impl的包。
步骤12 - 在此程序包中,创建一个名称为 AccountServiceImple的类。在
AccountServiceImpl.java
package com.javatpoint.service.impl; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Map.Entry; import java.util.Set; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import com.javatpoint.model.Account; @Service public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService { //storing account detail in the HashMap private static Map<String,Account> map = null; static { map = new HashMap<>(); //adding account detail in the map map.put("M4546779", new Account("10441117000", "Saving Account")); map.put("K2434567", new Account("10863554577", "Current Account")); } @Override public Account getAccountByCustomerId(String customerId) throws Exception { if(customerId ==null) { throw new Exception("Invalid! Customer Id"); } Account account= null; Set<Entry<String, Account>> entrySet = map.entrySet(); for (Entry<String, Account> entry : entrySet) { if(entry.getKey().equals(customerId)) { account= entry.getValue(); } } return account; } }
步骤13 - 在包 com.learnfk.service.impl。中创建一个名称为 AccountService 的接口。
AccountService.java
package com.learnfk.service.impl; import com.learnfk.model.Account; //creating interface that throws exception if the customer id not found public interface AccountService { public abstract Account getAccountByCustomerId(String customerId)throws Exception; }
步骤14 - 创建名称为 com.learnfk.aspect的程序包。
步骤15 - 在包 com.learnfk.aspect 中创建一个名称为 AccountAspect 的类。
在此类中,无涯教程通过使用批注 @AfterThrowing实现了After Afteradvice。 还定义了一种方法 afterThrowingAdvice()方法。
AccountAspect.java
package com.learnfk.aspect; import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint; import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterThrowing; import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Aspect @Component public class AccountAspect { //implementing after throwing advice @AfterThrowing(value="execution(* com.learnfk.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl.*(..))",throwing="ex") public void afterThrowingAdvice(JoinPoint joinPoint, Exception ex) { System.out.println("After Throwing exception in method:"+joinPoint.getSignature()); System.out.println("Exception is:"+ex.getMessage()); } }
步骤16 - 打开 AopAfterThrowingAdviceExampleApplication.java 文件,并添加注释 @EnableAspectJAutoProxy。
ConfigurableApplicationContext 是一个接口,除了ApplicationContext中的应用程序上下文客户端方法外还提供了用于配置应用程序上下文工具。
AopAfterThrowingAdviceExampleApplication.java
package com.learnfk; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.annotation.EnableAspectJAutoProxy; import com.learnfk.model.Account; import com.learnfk.service.impl.AccountService; import com.learnfk.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl; @SpringBootApplication @EnableAspectJAutoProxy(proxyTargetClass=true) public class AopAfterThrowingAdviceExampleApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { ConfigurableApplicationContext ac = SpringApplication.run(AopAfterThrowingAdviceExampleApplication.class, args); AccountService accountService = ac.getBean("accountServiceImpl", AccountServiceImpl.class); Account account; try { //generating exception account = accountService.getAccountByCustomerId(null); if(account != null) System.out.println(account.getAccountNumber()+"\t"+account.getAccountType()); }catch (Exception e) { System.out.println(e.getMessage()); e.printStackTrace(); } } }
创建所有类和包之后,项目目录如下所示:
步骤17 - 打开AopAfterThrowingAdviceExampleApplication.java文件,并将其作为 Java 应用程序运行。它显示输出,如下所示:
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