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Maven - POM模型

POM代表项目对象模型，它是Maven中的基本工作单元，是一个pom.xml XML文件保存在根目录中。

POM包含有关项目的信息以及Maven用于构建项目的各种配置详细信息。

在创建POM之前，无涯教程应该首先确定项目 group (groupId)，项目 name (artifactId)及其version版本。

POM示例

<project xmlns = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
   xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
   http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

   <groupId>com.companyname.project-group</groupId>
   <artifactId>project</artifactId>
   <version>1.0</version>
</project>

应该注意的是，每个项目都应该有一个POM文件。

Sr.No.	Node & Remark
1	Project root 这是项目根标签。
2	Model version 型号版本应为4.0.0。
3	groupId 这是项目组的ID。
4	artifactId 这是项目的ID，这通常是项目的名称。
5	version 这是项目的版本。它与groupId一起在工件的存储库中用于将版本彼此分开。如- com.company.bank:consumer-banking:1.0 com.company.bank:consumer-banking:1.1。

Super POM

Super POM是Maven的默认POM。所有POM都从默认项继承，包含默认情况下继承的值。

查看Super POM的默认配置的一种简单方法是运行以下命令: mvn help:effective-pom

在下面的示例中，无涯教程在C:\MAVEN\project文件夹中创建了pom.xml。

链接：https://www.learnfk.comhttps://www.learnfk.com/maven/maven-pom.html

来源：LearnFk无涯教程网

现在打开命令控制台，转到包含pom.xml的文件夹，然后执行以下 mvn 命令。

C:\MVN\project>mvn help:effective-pom

Maven将开始处理并显示有效pom。

[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] Searching repository for plugin with prefix: 'help'.
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building Unnamed - com.companyname.project-group:project-name:jar:1.0
[INFO]    task-segment: [help:effective-pom] (aggregator-style)
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] [help:effective-pom {execution: default-cli}]
[INFO]

.....

[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESSFUL
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: < 1 second
[INFO] Finished at: Thu Jul 05 11:41:51 IST 2012
[INFO] Final Memory: 6M/15M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

应用继承变更配置文件后，输出POM作为有效输出显示在控制台中。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- ============================================== -->
<!-- -->
<!-- Generated by Maven Help Plugin on 2015-04-09T11:41:51 -->
<!-- See: http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-help-plugin/-->
<!-- -->
<!-- ==============================================-->

<!-- ==============================================-->
<!-- -->
<!-- Effective POM for project -->
<!-- 'com.companyname.project-group:project-name:jar:1.0' -->
<!-- -->
<!-- ============================================== -->

<project xmlns = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/

2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 

http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
   <groupId>com.companyname.project-group</groupId>
   <artifactId>project</artifactId>
   <version>1.0</version>
   <build>
      <sourceDirectory>C:\MVN\project\src\main\java</sourceDirectory>
      <scriptSourceDirectory>src/main/scripts</scriptSourceDirectory>

      <testSourceDirectory>C:\MVN\project\src\test\java</testSourceDirectory>
      <outputDirectory>C:\MVN\project\target\classes</outputDirectory>
      <testOutputDirectory>C:\MVN\project\target\test-classes</testOutputDirectory>
      <resources>
         <resource>
            <mergeId>resource-0</mergeId>
            <directory>C:\MVN\project\src\main\resources</directory>
         </resource>
      </resources>
      <testResources>
         <testResource>
            <mergeId>resource-1</mergeId>
            <directory>C:\MVN\project\src\test\resources</directory>
         </testResource>
      </testResources>
      <directory>C:\MVN\project\target</directory>
      <finalName>project-1.0</finalName>
   
      <pluginManagement>
         <plugins>
            <plugin>
               <artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId>
               <version>1.3</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
               <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin<  /artifactId>
               <version>2.2-beta-2</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
               <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin<  /artifactId>
               <version>2.2</version>
            </plugin>
         
            <plugin>
               <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
               <version>2.0.2</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
               <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>     
               <version>2.0</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
               <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
               <version>2.4</version>
            </plugin>
         
            <plugin>
               <artifactId>maven-ear-plugin</artifactId>
               <version>2.3.1</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
               <artifactId>maven-ejb-plugin</artifactId>
               <version>2.1</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
               <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
               <version>2.2</version>
            </plugin>
         
            <plugin>
               <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
               <version>2.2</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
               <artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>
               <version>2.5</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
               <artifactId>maven-plugin-plugin</artifactId>
               <version>2.4.3</version>
            </plugin>
         
            <plugin>
               <artifactId>maven-rar-plugin</artifactId>
               <version>2.2</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
               <artifactId>maven-release-plugin</artifactId>
               <version>2.0-beta-8</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
               <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
               <version>2.3</version>
            </plugin>
         
            <plugin>
               <artifactId>maven-site-plugin</artifactId>
               <version>2.0-beta-7</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
               <artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>
               <version>2.0.4</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
               <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
               <version>2.4.3</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
               <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
               <version>2.1-alpha-2</version>
            </plugin>
         </plugins>
      </pluginManagement>
   
      <plugins>
         <plugin>
            <artifactId>maven-help-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.1</version>
         </plugin>
      </plugins>
   </build>
   
   <repositories>
      <repository>
         <snapshots>
            <enabled>false</enabled>
         </snapshots>
         <id>central</id>
         <name>Maven Repository Switchboard</name>
         <url>http://repo1.maven.org/maven2</url>
      </repository>
   </repositories>
   <pluginRepositories>
      <pluginRepository>
         <releases>
            <updatePolicy>never</updatePolicy>
         </releases>
         <snapshots>
            <enabled>false</enabled>
         </snapshots>
         <id>central</id>
         <name>Maven Plugin Repository</name>
         <url>http://repo1.maven.org/maven2</url>
      </pluginRepository>
   </pluginRepositories>
   <reporting>
      <outputDirectory>C:\MVN\project\target/site</outputDirectory>
   </reporting>
</project>