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Spring Boot - 国际化

国际化是使您的应用程序适应不同语言和地区的过程，而无需对源代码进行工程更改。换句话说，国际化是本地化的准备。

在本章中，无涯教程将详细学习如何在Spring Boot中实现国际化。

依存关系

需要Spring Boot Starter Web和Spring Boot Starter Thymeleaf依赖性来在Spring Boot中开发Web应用程序。

<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>

Gradle

compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web')
compile group: 'org.springframework.boot', name: 'spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf'

LocaleResolver

无涯教程需要确定您的应用程序的默认语言环境。需要在Spring Boot应用程序中添加LocaleResolver bean。

@Bean
public LocaleResolver localeResolver() {
   SessionLocaleResolver sessionLocaleResolver = new SessionLocaleResolver();
   sessionLocaleResolver.setDefaultLocale(Locale.US);
   return sessionLocaleResolver;
}

LocaleChangeInterceptor

LocaleChangeInterceptor用于根据添加到请求中的language参数的值来更改新的Locale。

@Bean
public LocaleChangeInterceptor localeChangeInterceptor() {
   LocaleChangeInterceptor localeChangeInterceptor = new LocaleChangeInterceptor();
   localeChangeInterceptor.setParamName("language");
   return localeChangeInterceptor;
}

为此，需要将LocaleChangeInterceptor添加到应用程序的注册表拦截器中。配置类应扩展WebMvcConfigurerAdapter类，并重写addInterceptors()方法。

@Override
public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
   registry.addInterceptor(localeChangeInterceptor());
}

Messages Sources

默认情况下，Spring Boot应用程序从类路径下的 src/main/resources 文件夹中获取消息源。默认语言环境消息文件名应为 message.properties ，每个语言环境的文件名应为 messages_XX.properties 。 " XX"代表语言环境代码。

所有消息属性都应用作key/value 键值对。如果在语言环境中找不到任何属性，则应用程序将使用messages.properties文件中的默认属性。

默认的messages.properties将如下所示-

welcome.text=Hi Welcome to Everyone

法语的messages_fr.properties将如下所示-

welcome.text=Salut Bienvenue à tous

注意-消息源文件应另存为" UTF-8"文件格式。

HTML文件

在HTML文件中，使用语法#{key}显示来自属性文件的消息。

<h1 th:text="#{welcome.text}"></h1>

完整的代码如下

Maven-pom.hml

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" 
   xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 
   http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
   
   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
   <groupId>com.learnfk</groupId>
   <artifactId>demo</artifactId>
   <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
   <packaging>jar</packaging>
   <name>demo</name>
   <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

   <parent>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
      <version>1.5.8.RELEASE</version>
      <relativePath />
   </parent>

   <properties>
      <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
      <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
      <java.version>1.8</java.version>
   </properties>

   <dependencies>
      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
      </dependency>

      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
         <scope>test</scope>
      </dependency>

      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
      </dependency>
   </dependencies>

   <build>
      <plugins>
         <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
         </plugin>
      </plugins>
   </build>
</project>

Gradle – build.gradle

buildscript {
   ext {
      springBootVersion = '1.5.8.RELEASE'
   }
   repositories {
      mavenCentral()
   }
   dependencies {
      classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:${springBootVersion}")
   }
}
apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'eclipse'
apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot'

group = 'com.learnfk'
version = '0.0.1-SNAPSHOT'
sourceCompatibility = 1.8

repositories {
   mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
   compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web')
   compile group: 'org.springframework.boot', name: 'spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf'
   testCompile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test')
}

下面给出了主要的Spring Boot应用程序类文件-

package com.learnfk.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
   }
}

控制器类文件如下-

package com.learnfk.demo.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class ViewController {
   @RequestMapping("/locale")
   public String locale() {
      return "locale";
   }
}

支持国际化的配置类

package com.learnfk.demo;

import java.util.Locale;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.LocaleResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.LocaleChangeInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.SessionLocaleResolver;

@Configuration
public class Internationalization extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
   @Bean
   public LocaleResolver localeResolver() {
      SessionLocaleResolver sessionLocaleResolver = new SessionLocaleResolver();
      sessionLocaleResolver.setDefaultLocale(Locale.US);
      return sessionLocaleResolver;
   }
   @Bean
   public LocaleChangeInterceptor localeChangeInterceptor() {
      LocaleChangeInterceptor localeChangeInterceptor = new LocaleChangeInterceptor();
      localeChangeInterceptor.setParamName("language");
      return localeChangeInterceptor;
   }
   @Override
   public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
      registry.addInterceptor(localeChangeInterceptor());
   }
}

messages.properties如下所示-

welcome.text=Hi Welcome to Everyone

message_fr.properties如下所示-

welcome.text = Salut Bienvenue à tous

HTMLfile locale.html应该放置在类路径的模板目录下，如下所示:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
   <head>
      <meta charset = "ISO-8859-1"/>
      <title>Internationalization</title>
   </head>
   <body>
      <h1 th:text = "#{welcome.text}"></h1>
   </body>
</html>