Spring Boot - 文件处理

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在本章中,您将学习如何使用Web服务上传和下载文件。

上传文件

要上传文件,可以使用 MultipartFile 作为请求参数,并且此API应该使用"Multi-Part form "数据值。遵守下面给出的代码-

@RequestMapping(value="/upload", method=RequestMethod.POST, consumes=MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA_VALUE)

public String fileUpload(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) {
   return null;
}

相同的完整代码如下-

package com.learnfk.demo.controller;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

@RestController
public class FileUploadController {
   @RequestMapping(value="/upload", method=RequestMethod.POST, 
      consumes=MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA_VALUE)
   
   public String fileUpload(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) throws IOException {
      File convertFile=new File("/var/tmp/"+file.getOriginalFilename());
      convertFile.createNewFile();
      FileOutputStream fout=new FileOutputStream(convertFile);
      fout.write(file.getBytes());
      fout.close();
      return "File is upload successfully";
   }
}

文件下载

对于文件下载,应使用InputStreamResource下载文件。需要在Response中设置HttpHeader Content-Disposition 并需要指定应用程序的响应媒体类型。

注意-在以下示例中,文件应在运行应用程序的指定路径上可用。

@RequestMapping(value="/download", method=RequestMethod.GET) 
public ResponseEntity<Object> downloadFile() throws IOException  {
   String filename="/var/tmp/mysql.png";
   File file=new File(filename);
   InputStreamResource resource=new InputStreamResource(new FileInputStream(file));
   HttpHeaders headers=new HttpHeaders();
      
   headers.add("Content-Disposition", String.format("attachment; filename=\"%s\"", file.getName()));
   headers.add("Cache-Control", "no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate");
   headers.add("Pragma", "no-cache");
   headers.add("Expires", "0");
      
   ResponseEntity<Object> 
   responseEntity=ResponseEntity.ok().headers(headers).contentLength(file.length()).contentType(
      MediaType.parseMediaType("application/txt")).body(resource);
      
   return responseEntity;
}

相同的完整代码如下-

package com.learnfk.demo.controller;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

import org.springframework.core.io.InputStreamResource;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class FileDownloadController {
   @RequestMapping(value="/download", method=RequestMethod.GET) 
   public ResponseEntity<Object> downloadFile() throws IOException  {
      String filename="/var/tmp/mysql.png";
      File file=new File(filename);
      InputStreamResource resource=new InputStreamResource(new FileInputStream(file));
      HttpHeaders headers=new HttpHeaders();
      
      headers.add("Content-Disposition", String.format("attachment; filename=\"%s\"", file.getName()));
      headers.add("Cache-Control", "no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate");
      headers.add("Pragma", "no-cache");
      headers.add("Expires", "0");
      
      ResponseEntity<Object> 
      responseEntity=ResponseEntity.ok().headers(headers).contentLength(
         file.length()).contentType(MediaType.parseMediaType("application/txt")).body(resource);
      
      return responseEntity;
   }
}

下面给出了主要的Spring Boot应用程序-

package com.learnfk.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
   }
}

下面给出了Maven构建的代码– pom.xml-

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" 
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 
   http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> 
   
   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
   <groupId>com.learnfk</groupId>
   <artifactId>demo</artifactId>
   <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
   <packaging>jar</packaging>
   <name>demo</name>
   <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

   <parent>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
      <version>1.5.8.RELEASE</version>
      <relativePath/> 
   </parent>

   <properties>
      <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
      <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
      <java.version>1.8</java.version>
   </properties>

   <dependencies>
      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
      </dependency>

      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
         <scope>test</scope>
      </dependency>
   </dependencies>

   <build>
      <plugins>
         <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
         </plugin>
      </plugins>
   </build>
   
</project>

下面给出了Gradle Build – build.gradle的代码-

buildscript {
   ext {
      springBootVersion='1.5.8.RELEASE'
   }
   repositories {
      mavenCentral()
   }
   dependencies {
      classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:${springBootVersion}")
   }
}

apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'eclipse'
apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot'

group='com.learnfk'
version='0.0.1-SNAPSHOT'
sourceCompatibility=1.8

repositories {
   mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
   compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web')
   testCompile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test')
}

现在您可以创建一个可执行的JAR文件,并使用下面给出的Maven或Gradle命令运行Spring Boot应用程序-

对于Maven,请使用以下命令-

mvn clean install

在" BUILD SUCCESS"之后,您可以在目标目录下找到JAR文件。

对于Gradle,您可以使用下面显示的命令-

sgradle clean build

在" BUILD SUCCESSFUL"之后,您可以在build/libs目录下找到JAR文件。

现在,使用以下命令运行JAR文件:

java jar <JARFILE> 

这将在Tomcat端口8080上启动应用程序,如下所示-

POSTMAN Application

现在在POSTMAN应用程序中单击下面的URL,您可以看到如下所示的输出-

文件上传- http:// localhost:8080/upload

POSTMAN application 上传文件

文件下载- http:// localhost:8080/upload

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