RSpec - 匹配器

如果您还记得无涯教程最初的Hello World示例，则其中包含以下内容:

expect(message).to eq "Hello World!"

关键字eq是 RSpec 匹配器。在这里，将介绍RSpec中的其他类型的匹配器。

匹配器

匹配器以测试对象或值是否相等。

无涯教程网

describe "An example of the equality Matchers" do 

   it "should show how the equality Matchers work" do 
      a="test string" 
      b=a 
      
      # The following Expectations will all pass 
      expect(a).to eq "test string" 
      expect(a).to eql "test string" 
      expect(a).to be b 
      expect(a).to equal b 
   end
   
end

执行以上代码后，将产生以下输出。秒数在您的计算机上可能会略有不同-

链接：https://www.learnfk.comhttps://www.learnfk.com/rspec/rspec-matchers.html

来源：LearnFk无涯教程网

.
Finished in 0.036 seconds (files took 0.11901 seconds to load)
1 example, 0 failures

比较匹配

用于与值进行比较的匹配器。

describe "An example of the comparison Matchers" do

   it "should show how the comparison Matchers work" do
      a=1
      b=2
      c=3		
      d='test string'
      
      # The following Expectations will all pass
      expect(b).to be > a
      expect(a).to be >= a 
      expect(a).to be < b 
      expect(b).to be <= b 
      expect(c).to be_between(1,3).inclusive 
      expect(b).to be_between(1,3).exclusive 
      expect(d).to match /TEST/i 
   end
   
end

执行以上代码后，将产生以下输出。秒数在您的计算机上可能会略有不同-

链接：https://www.learnfk.comhttps://www.learnfk.com/rspec/rspec-matchers.html

来源：LearnFk无涯教程网

. 
Finished in 0.013 seconds (files took 0.11801 seconds to load) 
1 example, 0 failures

类型匹配

用于测试对象类型或类别的匹配器。

describe "An example of the type/class Matchers" do
 
   it "should show how the type/class Matchers work" do
      x=1 
      y=3.14 
      z='test string' 
      
      # The following Expectations will all pass
      expect(x).to be_instance_of Fixnum 
      expect(y).to be_kind_of Numeric 
      expect(z).to respond_to(:length) 
   end
   
end

执行以上代码后，将产生以下输出。秒数在您的计算机上可能会略有不同-

链接：https://www.learnfk.comhttps://www.learnfk.com/rspec/rspec-matchers.html

来源：LearnFk无涯教程网

. 
Finished in 0.002 seconds (files took 0.12201 seconds to load) 
1 example, 0 failures

true/false/nil匹配

用于测试值是true，false还是nil的匹配器。

describe "An example of the true/false/nil Matchers" do
   it "should show how the true/false/nil Matchers work" do
      x=true 
      y=false 
      z=nil 
      a="test string" 
      
      # The following Expectations will all pass
      expect(x).to be true 
      expect(y).to be false 
      expect(a).to be_truthy 
      expect(z).to be_falsey 
      expect(z).to be_nil 
   end 
end

执行以上代码后，将产生以下输出。秒数在您的计算机上可能会略有不同-

链接：https://www.learnfk.comhttps://www.learnfk.com/rspec/rspec-matchers.html

来源：LearnFk无涯教程网

. 
Finished in 0.003 seconds (files took 0.12301 seconds to load) 
1 example, 0 failures

错误匹配

当代码块引发错误时，用于测试的匹配器。

将以下代码保存到名为 error_matcher_spec.rb 的文件中，并使用以下命令- rspec error_matcher_spec.rb 运行它。

describe "An example of the error Matchers" do 
   it "should show how the error Matchers work" do 
      
      # The following Expectations will all pass 
      expect { 1/0 }.to raise_error(ZeroDivisionError)
      expect { 1/0 }.to raise_error("divided by 0") 
      expect { 1/0 }.to raise_error("divided by 0", ZeroDivisionError) 
   end 
end

执行以上代码后，将产生以下输出。秒数在您的计算机上可能会略有不同-

链接：https://www.learnfk.comhttps://www.learnfk.com/rspec/rspec-matchers.html

来源：LearnFk无涯教程网

. 
Finished in 0.002 seconds (files took 0.12101 seconds to load) 
1 example, 0 failures